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Curare is an example of a non-depolarizing muscle relaxant that blocks the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR), [24] one of the two types of acetylcholine (ACh) receptors, at the neuromuscular junction. The main toxin of curare, d-tubocurarine, occupies the same position on the receptor as ACh with an equal or greater affinity, and elicits ...
Curare was found to block the stimulant action of nicotine in both innervated and chronically denervated muscles. In 1940, Jenkinson identified tubocurarine as a competitive antagonist of acetylcholine. Curare and tubocurarine had important roles in establishing the concept of specific cholinoceptors in the motor end plate. [3]
A nicotinic antagonist is a type of anticholinergic drug that inhibits the action of acetylcholine (ACh) at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.These compounds are mainly used for peripheral muscle paralysis in surgery, the classical agent of this type being tubocurarine, [1] but some centrally acting compounds such as bupropion, mecamylamine, and 18-methoxycoronaridine block nicotinic ...
Acetylcholine Acetylcholinesterase Acetylcholinesterase inhibition. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) also often called cholinesterase inhibitors, [1] inhibit the enzyme acetylcholinesterase from breaking down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine into choline and acetate, [2] thereby increasing both the level and duration of action of acetylcholine in the central nervous system, autonomic ...
Pancuronium is a typical non-depolarizing curare-mimetic muscle relaxant. It competitively inhibits the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor at the neuromuscular junction by blocking the binding of acetylcholine. It has slight vagolytic activity, causing an increase in heart rate, but no ganglioplegic (i.e., blocking ganglions) activity.
This is accomplished via their action on the post-synaptic acetylcholine (Nm) receptors. In clinical use, neuromuscular block is used adjunctively to anesthesia to produce paralysis , firstly to paralyze the vocal cords, and permit endotracheal intubation , [ 2 ] and secondly to optimize the surgical field by inhibiting spontaneous ventilation ...
Anticholinergics (anticholinergic agents) are substances that block the action of the acetylcholine (ACh) neurotransmitter at synapses in the central and peripheral nervous system. [1] [2] These agents inhibit the parasympathetic nervous system by selectively blocking the binding of ACh to its receptor in nerve cells.
Effective neuromuscular block by non-depolarizing neuromuscular drugs occurs only when 70-80% of acetylcholine receptors are occupied by the drug. [11] This is because at this occupancy rate, junctional potential cannot reach the threshold value required for muscle contraction. Diagram of nicotinic receptor (Acetylcholine receptor)