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The reentry capsule is the "middle" module of the three-part Soyuz or Shenzhou spacecraft – the orbital module is located at the front of the spacecraft, with the service or equipment module attached to the rear.
The Soyuz is a single-use spacecraft composed of three main sections. The descent module is where cosmonauts are seated for launch and reentry. The orbital module provides additional living space and storage during orbit but is jettisoned before reentry. The service module, responsible for propulsion and power, is also discarded prior to reentry.
By comparison, the Apollo spacecraft's pressurized command module provided a crew of three six cubic metres (210 cu ft) of living space and had a reentry mass of 5,000 kilograms (11,000 lb); while the Soyuz MS provides the same crew with ten cubic metres (350 cu ft) of living space while the reentry module weighs 2,950 kilograms (6,500 lb).
A Soyuz spacecraft consists of three parts (from front to back): a spheroid orbital module; a small aerodynamic reentry module; a cylindrical service module with solar panels attached; There have been many variants of the Soyuz spacecraft, including: Sever early crewed spacecraft proposal to replace Vostok (1959)
On 29 June 1971, the three cosmonauts loaded scientific specimens, films, tapes, and other gear into Soyuz 11, then transferred manual control back from Salyut 1 to Soyuz 11 and returned to their ferry craft, with undocking occurring at 18:28 GMT. Soyuz 11 flew co-orbit for a while before it retro-fired at 22:35 GMT in preparation for re-entry.
A Russian Soyuz spacecraft carrying a Russian, a Belarusian and an American en route to the International Space Station (ISS) was launched on Saturday from the Baikonur cosmodrome in Kazakhstan ...
Soyuz spacecraft's Descent Module. The reentry module ((in Russian): спускаемый аппарат (СА), Spuskaemiy apparat (SA)) is used for launch and the journey back to Earth. It is covered by a heat-resistant covering to protect it during re-entry. It is slowed initially by the atmosphere, then by a braking parachute, followed by ...
The Soyuz abort systems are especially complicated because of the modular design of the vehicle; only the middle descent module is designed to survive reentry, so in an emergency, the orbital module and the descent module must be separated together (sometimes with the service module also attached) before the descent module can be separated and orient itself for reentry.