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Wind throw is the toppling of a tree due to the force of the wind, this exposes the root plate and adjacent soil beneath the tree and influences slope stability. Wind throw is a factor when considering one tree on a slope; however, it is of lesser importance when considering general slope stability for a body of trees as the wind forces involved represent a smaller percentage of the potential ...
As far as plants and vegetation are concerned, the accumulation of salts in the soil adversely affects their physiology and morphology by increasing the osmotic pressure of the soil solution, altering the plant’s mineral nutrition, and accumulating specific ions to toxic concentrations in the plants.
Near surface air in remote marine regions like the Southern Ocean where sea spray may be more prevalent than dust transported from continents. [1] The collection of bioaerosol particles on a surface is called deposition. The removal of these particles from the atmosphere affects human health in regard to air quality and respiratory systems. [1]
Hydraulic redistribution is a passive mechanism where water is transported from moist to dry soils via subterranean networks. [1] It occurs in vascular plants that commonly have roots in both wet and dry soils, especially plants with both taproots that grow vertically down to the water table, and lateral roots that sit close to the surface.
The mesopelagic zone occupies about 60% of the planet's surface and about 20% of the ocean's volume, amounting to a large part of the total biosphere. [2] It hosts a diverse biological community that includes bristlemouths , blobfish , bioluminescent jellyfish , giant squid , and a myriad of other unique organisms adapted to live in a low-light ...
The vertical magnitude of the subsidence itself typically does not cause problems, except in the case of drainage (including natural drainage)–rather, it is the associated surface compressive and tensile strains, curvature, tilts and horizontal displacement that are the cause of the worst damage to the natural environment, buildings and ...
These trees color variations occur as the tree sheds its bark, exposing new layers that gradually change color due to exposure to air and sunlight. They are primarily found in tropical regions ...
Marine sediment, or ocean sediment, or seafloor sediment, are deposits of insoluble particles that have accumulated on the seafloor.These particles either have their origins in soil and rocks and have been transported from the land to the sea, mainly by rivers but also by dust carried by wind and by the flow of glaciers into the sea, or they are biogenic deposits from marine organisms or from ...