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An aventail (/ ˈ æ v ən t eɪ l /) [1] or camail (/ k ə ˈ m eɪ l, ˈ k æ m eɪ l /) [2] [3] is a flexible curtain of mail attached to the skull of a helmet that extends to cover at least the neck, but often also the throat and shoulders. Part or all of the face, with spaces to allow vision, could also be covered.
4-1 link pattern. The most common pattern of linking the rings together is the 4-to-1 pattern, where each ring is linked with four others. Historically, the rings composing a piece of mail would be riveted closed to reduce the chance of the rings splitting open when subjected to an attack.
Vervelles are small metal rivets used in Medieval armour to attach an aventail to a helmet. The rivet would extend out from the surface of the helmet and that extension contained a hole. The rivet would extend out from the surface of the helmet and that extension contained a hole.
Bascinet with a bretache (nose protection) and aventail (chainmail neck protection). This illustration shows a bascinet with a type of detachable nasal (nose protector) called the bretache or bretèche made of sheet metal. [10] The bretache was attached to the aventail at the chin, and it fastened to a hook or clamp on the brow of the helmet. [10]
The aventail extends downward to protect the face and the neck. Sometimes an aventail was fixed using a lead seal stamped with a mark typical of Ottoman arsenals. [ 5 ] An adjustable nasal bar to protect the nose was fastened with a bracket to the front side of the helmet, between the eye-openings.
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Older spangenhelms often include cheek flaps made from metal or leather. Spangenhelms may incorporate mail as neck protection, thus forming a partial aventail. Some spangenhelms include eye protection in a shape that resembles modern eyeglass frames, and are thus sometimes called "spectacle helmets". Other spangenhelms include a full face mask.
The Portuguese Wikipedia (Portuguese: Wikipédia em português) is the Portuguese-language edition of Wikipedia (written Wikipédia, in Portuguese), the free encyclopedia. It was started on 11 May 2001. [2] Wikipedia is the nineteenth most accessed website in Brazil [3] and the tenth most accessed in Portugal. [4]