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The congruence theorems side-angle-side (SAS) and side-side-side (SSS) also hold on a sphere; in addition, if two spherical triangles have an identical angle-angle-angle (AAA) sequence, they are congruent (unlike for plane triangles). [9] The plane-triangle congruence theorem angle-angle-side (AAS) does not hold for spherical triangles. [10]
The apparent triangles formed from the figures are 13 units wide and 5 units tall, so it appears that the area should be S = 13×5 / 2 = 32.5 units. However, the blue triangle has a ratio of 5:2 (=2.5), while the red triangle has the ratio 8:3 (≈2.667), so the apparent combined hypotenuse in each figure is actually bent.
Given a square, construct equilateral triangles on two adjacent edges, either both inside or both outside the square. Then the triangle formed by joining the vertex of the square distant from both triangles and the vertices of the triangles distant from the square is equilateral. [2]
[1] [2] The converse of the theorem is true as well. That is if a line is drawn through the midpoint of triangle side parallel to another triangle side then the line will bisect the third side of the triangle. The triangle formed by the three parallel lines through the three midpoints of sides of a triangle is called its medial triangle.
There are several elementary results concerning similar triangles in Euclidean geometry: [9] Any two equilateral triangles are similar. Two triangles, both similar to a third triangle, are similar to each other (transitivity of similarity of triangles). Corresponding altitudes of similar triangles have the same ratio as the corresponding sides.
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A triangle in which one of the angles is a right angle is a right triangle, a triangle in which all of its angles are less than that angle is an acute triangle, and a triangle in which one of it angles is greater than that angle is an obtuse triangle. [8] These definitions date back at least to Euclid. [9]
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