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Moreover, in C++ (and later versions of C) equality operations, with the exception of the three-way comparison operator, yield bool type values which are conceptually a single bit (1 or 0) and as such do not properly belong in "bitwise" operations.
The bool type is a byte-sized type that can only hold the value true or false. The only operators that can accept operands of type bool are: &, |, ^, &=, |=, ^=, !, &&, || and ?:. A bool value can be implicitly converted to any integral type, with false becoming 0 and true becoming 1. The numeric literals 0 and 1 can be implicitly converted to ...
The newer C99 added a distinct Boolean type _Bool (the more intuitive name bool as well as the macros true and false can be included with stdbool.h), [10] and C++ supports bool as a built-in type and true and false as reserved words. [11]
// A class template to express an equality comparison interface. template < typename T > class equal_comparable {friend bool operator == (T const & a, T const & b) {return a. equal_to (b);} friend bool operator!= (T const & a, T const & b) {return! a. equal_to (b);}}; // Class value_type wants to have == and !=, so it derives from // equal_comparable with itself as argument (which is the CRTP ...
In C++, bool is a built-in type and a reserved keyword. In C99, a new keyword, _Bool , is introduced as the new Boolean type. The header stdbool.h provides macros bool , true and false that are defined as _Bool , 1 and 0 , respectively.
The detailed semantics of "the" ternary operator as well as its syntax differs significantly from language to language. A top level distinction from one language to another is whether the expressions permit side effects (as in most procedural languages) and whether the language provides short-circuit evaluation semantics, whereby only the selected expression is evaluated (most standard ...
the conditional operator can yield a L-value in C/C++ which can be assigned another value, but the vast majority of programmers consider this extremely poor style, if only because of the technique's obscurity.
However, logical operators treat each operand as having only one value, either true or false, rather than treating each bit of an operand as an independent value. Logical operators consider zero false and any nonzero value true. Another difference is that logical operators perform short-circuit evaluation.