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The resulting thiolate anion is a strong nucleophile. It can be oxidized to dimethyl disulfide: 2CH 3 SH + [O] → CH 3 SSCH 3 + H 2 O. Further oxidation takes the disulfide to two molecules of methanesulfonic acid, which is odorless. Bleach deodorizes methanethiol in this way.
For example, protonation of methanol gives an electrophilic methylating reagent that reacts by the S N 2 pathway: CH 3 OH + H + → [CH 3 OH 2] + Similarly, methyl iodide and methyl triflate are viewed as the equivalent of the methyl cation because they readily undergo S N 2 reactions by weak nucleophiles. The methyl cation has been detected in ...
A hydroxide ion acting as a nucleophile in an S N 2 reaction, converting a haloalkane into an alcohol. In chemistry, a nucleophile is a chemical species that forms bonds by donating an electron pair. All molecules and ions with a free pair of electrons or at least one pi bond can act as nucleophiles. Because nucleophiles donate electrons, they ...
Most compounds considered to be Lewis acids require an activation step prior to formation of the adduct with the Lewis base. Complex compounds such as Et 3 Al 2 Cl 3 and AlCl 3 are treated as trigonal planar Lewis acids but exist as aggregates and polymers that must be degraded by the Lewis base. [10] A simpler case is the formation of adducts ...
An application of HSAB theory is the so-called Kornblum's rule (after Nathan Kornblum) which states that in reactions with ambident nucleophiles (nucleophiles that can attack from two or more places), the more electronegative atom reacts when the reaction mechanism is S N 1 and the less electronegative one in a S N 2 reaction.
Sodium methoxide is a routinely used base in organic chemistry, applicable to the synthesis of numerous compounds ranging from pharmaceuticals to agrichemicals. [4] As a base, it is employed in dehydrohalogenations and various condensations. [5] It is also a nucleophile for the production of methyl ethers. [6]
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A compound which is a weak acid in water may become a strong acid in DMSO. Acetic acid is an example of such a substance. An extensive bibliography of p K a {\displaystyle \mathrm {p} K_{{\ce {a}}}} values in solution in DMSO and other solvents can be found at Acidity–Basicity Data in Nonaqueous Solvents .