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Lucas test: negative (left) with ethanol and positive with t-butanol "Lucas' reagent" is a solution of anhydrous zinc chloride in concentrated hydrochloric acid.This solution is used to classify alcohols of low molecular weight.
Clemmensen reduction is a chemical reaction described as a reduction of ketones or aldehydes to alkanes using zinc amalgam and concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCl). [1] [2] This reaction is named after Erik Christian Clemmensen, a Danish-American chemist. [3] Scheme 1: Reaction scheme of Clemmensen Reduction.
A solution of zinc chloride in hydrochloric acid is a common flux for stainless steels; it has however to be thoroughly removed afterwards as it would cause pitting corrosion. Another highly effective flux is phosphoric acid; its tendency to polymerize at higher temperatures however limits its applications.
Being dianionic, tetrachlorozincate is not classified as a weakly coordinating anion. On the other hand, being dianionic, tetrachlorozincate facilitates the crystallization of many salts. It has a tetrahedral molecular geometry. A simple example is [NH 4] 2 [ZnCl 4] (ammonium tetrachlorozincate). [1] Zincates are anionic zinc complexes.
According to their properties, cations are usually classified into six groups. [1] Each group has a common reagent which can be used to separate them from the solution.To obtain meaningful results, the separation must be done in the sequence specified below, as some ions of an earlier group may also react with the reagent of a later group, causing ambiguity as to which ions are present.
Aqua fortis /spirit of nitre – nitric acid, formed by 2 parts saltpetre in 1 part (pure) oil of vitriol (sulfuric acid). (Historically, this process could not have been used, as 98% oil of vitriol was not available.) Aqua ragia /spirit of turpentine/oil of turpentine/gum turpentine – turpentine, formed by the distillation of pine tree resin.
Zinc compounds are chemical compounds containing the element zinc which is a member of the group 12 of the periodic table. The oxidation state of zinc in most compounds is the group oxidation state of +2. Zinc may be classified as a post-transition main group element with zinc(II). Zinc compounds are noteworthy for their nondescript appearance ...
Zinc oxide is used to protect rubber polymers and plastics from ultraviolet radiation (UV). [126] The semiconductor properties of zinc oxide make it useful in varistors and photocopying products. [145] The zinc zinc-oxide cycle is a two step thermochemical process based on zinc and zinc oxide for hydrogen production. [146]