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  2. Lord Kelvin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lord_Kelvin

    Lord Kelvin. It is believed the "PNP" in his signature stands for "Professor of Natural Philosophy". Kelvin also wrote under the pseudonym "P. Q. R." William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin was a British mathematician, mathematical physicist and engineer. [7][8] Born in Belfast, he was the professor of Natural Philosophy at the University of Glasgow ...

  3. Heat death paradox - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_death_paradox

    The heat death paradox, also known as thermodynamic paradox, Clausius' paradox, and Kelvin's paradox, [ 1] is a reductio ad absurdum argument that uses thermodynamics to show the impossibility of an infinitely old universe. It was formulated in February 1862 by Lord Kelvin and expanded upon by Hermann von Helmholtz and William John Macquorn ...

  4. Second law of thermodynamics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_law_of_thermodynamics

    The second law of thermodynamics may be expressed in many specific ways, [25] the most prominent classical statements [26] being the statement by Rudolf Clausius (1854), the statement by Lord Kelvin (1851), and the statement in axiomatic thermodynamics by Constantin Carathéodory (1909). These statements cast the law in general physical terms ...

  5. Flying Machines Which Do Not Fly - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flying_Machines_Which_Do...

    Notable critics included Simon Newcomb, Lord Kelvin, and the chief engineer of the US Navy, George W. Melville, the latter of whom described flying machines as "wholly unwarranted, if not absurd". [4] After five years of preparations, aviation pioneer Samuel Langley was ready to test out his Aerodrome on October 7, 1903.

  6. Heat death of the universe - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_death_of_the_universe

    Lord Kelvin originated the idea of universal heat death in 1852. In 1852, Thomson published On a Universal Tendency in Nature to the Dissipation of Mechanical Energy , in which he outlined the rudiments of the second law of thermodynamics summarized by the view that mechanical motion and the energy used to create that motion will naturally tend ...

  7. Vortex theory of the atom - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vortex_theory_of_the_atom

    The vortex theory of the atom was a 19th-century attempt by William Thomson (later Lord Kelvin) to explain why the atoms recently discovered by chemists came in only relatively few varieties but in very great numbers of each kind. Based on the idea of stable, knotted vortices in the ether or aether, it contributed an important mathematical legacy.

  8. Lord Kalvan of Otherwhen - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lord_Kalvan_of_Otherwhen

    16393576. Followed by. Great Kings' War. Lord Kalvan of Otherwhen is a 1965 science fiction novel by American writer H. Beam Piper; it is part of his Paratime series of stories, and was expanded by John F. Carr to form the Kalvan series (with some installments co-written by Carr and other writers). It recounts the adventures of a Pennsylvania ...

  9. Treatise on Natural Philosophy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treatise_on_Natural_Philosophy

    Treatise on Natural Philosophy was an 1867 text book by William Thomson (later Lord Kelvin) and Peter Guthrie Tait, published by Oxford University Press . The Treatise was often referred to as and , as explained by Alexander Macfarlane: [1] : 43. Hence the Treatise on Natural Philosophy came to be commonly referred to as.