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Contraindications to breastfeeding are those conditions that could compromise the health of the infant if breast milk from their mother is consumed. Examples include galactosemia, untreated HIV, untreated active tuberculosis, Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 or II, uses illicit drugs, or mothers undergoing chemotherapy or radiation treatment. [1][2]
Azithromycin, sold under the brand names Zithromax (in oral form) and Azasite (as an eye drop), is an antibiotic medication used for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections. [10] This includes middle ear infections , strep throat , pneumonia , traveler's diarrhea , and certain other intestinal infections . [ 10 ]
While generally regarded as safe during breastfeeding, its use by the mother during the first two weeks of life may increase the risk of pyloric stenosis in the baby. [5] [6] This risk also applies if taken directly by the baby during this age. [7] It is in the macrolide family of antibiotics and works by decreasing bacterial protein production ...
Lactation suppression. Lactation suppression refers to the act of suppressing lactation by medication or other non pharmaceutical means. The breasts may become painful when engorged with milk if breastfeeding is ceased abruptly, or if never started. This may occur if a woman never initiates breastfeeding, or if she is weaning from breastfeeding ...
During this time, breast milk provides a "complete source of nutrition" for a child. After 6 months of age, babies can continue nursing while other sources of nutrition are introduced, including ...
Extended breastfeeding. In Western countries extended breastfeeding usually means breastfeeding after the age of 12 to 24 months, depending on the culture. Breast milk is known to contain lactoferrin, which protects the infant from infection caused by a wide range of pathogens. The amount of lactoferrin in breast milk increases significantly ...
Pediatrics. A vertically transmitted infection is an infection caused by pathogenic bacteria or viruses that use mother-to-child transmission, that is, transmission directly from the mother to an embryo, fetus, or baby during pregnancy or childbirth. It can occur when the mother has a pre-existing disease or becomes infected during pregnancy.
Early nipple pain in breastfeeding is usually caused by improper positioning and latch while breastfeeding. [3] Other causes may include blocked milk ducts, tongue-tie, cracked nipples and nipple infections by yeasts, bacteria or viruses. [4] [5] Complications in nursing women involve an increase in nipple sensitivity or breast engorgement ...