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Loperamide, sold under the brand name Imodium, among others, [1] is a medication of the opioid receptor agonist class used to decrease the frequency of diarrhea. [ 5 ] [ 4 ] It is often used for this purpose in irritable bowel syndrome , inflammatory bowel disease , short bowel syndrome [ 4 ] Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis . [ 5 ]
Antimotility agent. Antimotility agents are drugs used to alleviate the symptoms of diarrhea. These include loperamide (Imodium), bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol), [1] diphenoxylate with atropine (Lomotil), and opiates such as paregoric, tincture of opium, codeine, and morphine. In diarrhea caused by invasive pathogens such as Salmonella ...
Codeine is marketed as both a single-ingredient drug and in combination preparations with paracetamol (as co-codamol: e.g., brands Paracod, Panadeine, and the Tylenol-with-codeine series, including Tylenol 3 and 1, 2, and 4); with aspirin (as co-codaprin); or with ibuprofen (as Nurofen Plus). These combinations provide greater pain relief than ...
Pain. Morphine is used primarily to treat both acute and chronic severe pain. Its duration of analgesia is about three to seven hours. [12][13] Side-effects of nausea and constipation are rarely severe enough to warrant stopping treatment. It is used for pain due to myocardial infarction and for labor pains. [12]
History. The effect of grapefruit juice with regard to drug absorption was originally discovered in 1989 by a group led by pharmacologist David Bailey. Their first published clinical report on grapefruit drug interactions was in 1991. [9] The effect was first discovered accidentally in 1989, when a test of drug interactions with alcohol used ...
Loperamide is a μ-opioid receptor agonist that works in the intestines. [1] Although it is an opioid , it has no effects on the central nervous system . It reduces diarrhea by slowing the transit time of contents through the intestinal tract thereby allowing more water to be reabsorbed from the intestinal lumen .
Meclizine, sold under the brand name Bonine, among others, is an antihistamine used to treat motion sickness and dizziness (vertigo). [3] It is taken by mouth. [3] Effects generally begin in an hour and last for up to a day. [3] Common side effects include sleepiness and dry mouth. [3]
KEGG. D00301. ChEBI. CHEBI:6519. (verify) Diphenoxylate/atropine, also known as co-phenotrope, is a combination of the medications diphenoxylate and atropine, used to treat diarrhea. [2][3] It should not be used in those in whom Clostridioides difficile infection is a concern. [4] It is taken by mouth. [2] Onset is typically within an hour.
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