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Alkali. In chemistry, an alkali (/ ˈælkəlaɪ /; from the Arabic word al-qāly, القلوي) is a basic, ionic salt of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal. An alkali can also be defined as a base that dissolves in water. A solution of a soluble base has a pH greater than 7.0. The adjective alkaline, and less often, alkalescent, is ...
Legend. primordial. element by radioactive decay. The alkali metals consist of the chemical elements lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), [note 1] rubidium (Rb), caesium (Cs), [note 2] and francium (Fr). Together with hydrogen they constitute group 1, [note 3] which lies in the s-block of the periodic table.
Alkali salt. Alkali salts or base salts are salts that are the product of incomplete neutralization of a strong base and a weak acid. Rather than being neutral (as some other salts), alkali salts are bases as their name suggests. What makes these compounds basic is that the conjugate base from the weak acid hydrolyzes to form a basic solution.
Soil alkalinity is associated with the presence of sodium carbonate (Na 2 CO 3) or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 3) in the soil, [5] either as a result of natural weathering of the soil particles or brought in by irrigation and/or flood water. This salt is extremely soluble, when it undergoes hydration, it dissociates in: Na.
Alkali manufacture. Alkali manufacture is the process by which an alkali is made. Typical alkalis, produced commercially, include sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium hydroxide and potassium carbonate.
Alkali hydroxides are formed in the reaction between alkali metals and water. A typical school demonstration demonstrates what happens when a piece of an alkali metal is introduced to a bowl of water. A vigorous reaction occurs, producing hydrogen gas and the specific alkali hydroxide. For example, if sodium is the alkali metal: Sodium ...
Lithium oxide (Li 2 O) is the lightest alkali metal oxide and a white solid. It melts at 1570 °C. Sodium oxide (Na 2 O) is a white solid that melts at 1132 °C and decomposes at 1950 °C. It is a component of glass. Potassium oxide (K 2 O) is a pale yellow solid that decomposes at 350 °C.
Alkalide. An alkalide is a chemical compound in which alkali metal atoms are anions (negative ions) with a charge or oxidation state of −1. Until the first discovery of alkalides in the 1970s, [1][2][3] alkali metals were known to appear in salts only as cations (positive ions) with a charge or oxidation state of +1. [4]