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In cellular biology, active is the movement of molecules or ions across a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration —against the concentration gradient. Active transport requires cellular energy to achieve this movement. There are two types of active transport: primary active transport that uses ...
In contrast, paracellular transport is the transfer of substances across an epithelium by passing through an intercellular space between the cells. 1. It differs from transcellular transport, where the substances travel through the cell passing through both the apical membrane and basolateral membrane. 2. Renal physiology.
Membrane transport protein. A membrane transport protein is a membrane protein involved in the movement of ions, small molecules, and macromolecules, such as another protein, across a biological membrane. Transport proteins are integral transmembrane proteins; that is they exist permanently within and span the membrane across which they ...
Exocytosis (/ ˌɛksoʊsaɪˈtoʊsɪs / [1][2]) is a form of active transport and bulk transport in which a cell transports molecules (e.g., neurotransmitters and proteins) out of the cell (exo- + cytosis). As an active transport mechanism, exocytosis requires the use of energy to transport material. Exocytosis and its counterpart, endocytosis ...
This process is referred to as active transport. For instance, inhibiting vesicular H +-ATPases would result in a rise in the pH within vesicles and a drop in the pH of the cytoplasm. All of the ATPases share a common basic structure. Each rotary ATPase is composed of two major components: F 0 /A 0 /V 0 and F 1 /A 1 /V 1. They are connected by ...
Active mobility. Active mobility, soft mobility, active travel, active transport or active transportation is the transport of people or goods, through non-motorized means, based around human physical activity. [1] The best-known forms of active mobility are walking and cycling, though other modes include running, rowing, skateboarding, kick ...
Glucose. Glucose transporters are a wide group of membrane proteins that facilitate the transport of glucose across the plasma membrane, a process known as facilitated diffusion. Because glucose is a vital source of energy for all life, these transporters are present in all phyla.
An efflux pump is an active transporter in cells that moves out unwanted material. Efflux pumps are an important component in bacteria in their ability to remove antibiotics. [1] The efflux could also be the movement of heavy metals, organic pollutants, plant-produced compounds, quorum sensing signals, bacterial metabolites and ...