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The list of apartheid laws from 1948 to 1994 in South Africa constitutes a dark chapter in the nation’s history, characterized by the systematic dehumanization, segregation, and oppression of non-white populations.
The system of racial segregation and oppression in South Africa known as apartheid was implemented and enforced by many acts and other laws. This legislation served to institutionalize racial discrimination and the dominance by white people over people of other races.
This chronology seeks to record all major apartheid legislation as a context within which gross human rights violations occurred, but is not exhaustive of all legislation passed in the period under consideration by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (the Commission).
Over 200 laws were enacted during the Apartheid from 1948 to 1994. These laws cut across Education, Lands, the Media, relationships with Indians, and employment just to mention a few.
The Population Registration Act of 1950 provided the basic framework for apartheid by classifying all South Africans by race, including Bantu (Black Africans), Coloured (mixed race) and white.
Though laws of segregation had been in place since the 19 th century, Hendrik Verwoerd’s government introduced crucial laws in the dispossession of blacks from their ancestral land. The era of Apartheid rule saw forced removals, migrant labour and the deprivation of basic human rights.
Apartheid was a policy in South Africa that governed relations between the white minority and nonwhite majority during the 20th century. Formally established in 1948, it sanctioned racial segregation and political and economic discrimination against nonwhites. Apartheid legislation was largely repealed in the early 1990s.
Apartheid is the name of the racial institution that was established in 1948 by the National Party that governed South Africa until 1994. The term, which literally means “apartness,” reflected a violently repressive policy designed to ensure that whites, who comprised 20% of the nation’s population, would continue to dominate the country.
Africa enacted laws to define and enforce segregation. What makes South Africa's apartheid era different to segregation and racial hatred that have occurred in other countries is the systematic way in which the National Party, which came into power in 1948, formalised it through the law. The main laws are described below.
The first apartheid law was the Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act, 1949, followed closely by the Immorality Amendment Act of 1950, which made it illegal for most South African citizens to marry or pursue sexual relationships across racial lines. [10]