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In Object-oriented programming, the singleton pattern is a software design pattern that restricts the instantiation of a class to a singular instance. One of the well-known "Gang of Four" design patterns, which describes how to solve recurring problems in object-oriented software. [1] The pattern is useful when exactly one object is needed to ...
Software design pattern. In software engineering, a design pattern describes a relatively small, well-defined aspect (i.e. functionality) of a computer program in terms of how to write the code. Using a pattern is intended to leverage an existing concept rather than re-inventing it. This can decrease the time to develop software and increase ...
Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software (1994) is a software engineering book describing software design patterns. The book was written by Erich Gamma, Richard Helm, Ralph Johnson, and John Vlissides, with a foreword by Grady Booch. The book is divided into two parts, with the first two chapters exploring the capabilities ...
Software architecture is the set of structures needed to reason about a software system and the discipline of creating such structures and systems. Each structure comprises software elements, relations among them, and properties of both elements and relations. [1][2] The architecture of a software system is a metaphor, analogous to the ...
The single-responsibility principle (SRP) is a computer programming principle that states that "A module should be responsible to one, and only one, actor." [1] The term actor refers to a group (consisting of one or more stakeholders or users) that requires a change in the module. Robert C. Martin, the originator of the term, expresses the ...
Mediator pattern. In software engineering, the mediator pattern defines an object that encapsulates how a set of objects interact. This pattern is considered to be a behavioral pattern due to the way it can alter the program's running behavior. In object-oriented programming, programs often consist of many classes.
Observer pattern. In software design and engineering, the observer pattern is a software design pattern in which an object, named the subject, maintains a list of its dependents, called observers, and notifies them automatically of any state changes, usually by calling one of their methods. It is often used for implementing distributed event ...
Strategy pattern. In computer programming, the strategy pattern (also known as the policy pattern) is a behavioral software design pattern that enables selecting an algorithm at runtime. Instead of implementing a single algorithm directly, code receives runtime instructions as to which in a family of algorithms to use. [1]