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Gross margin, or gross profit margin, is the difference between revenue and cost of goods sold (COGS), divided by revenue. Gross margin is expressed as a percentage. Generally, it is calculated as the selling price of an item, less the cost of goods sold (e.g., production or acquisition costs, not including indirect fixed costs like office ...
Mathematically, the markup rule can be derived for a firm with price-setting power by maximizing the following expression for profit: where. Q = quantity sold, P (Q) = inverse demand function, and thereby the price at which Q can be sold given the existing demand. C (Q) = total cost of producing Q. = economic profit.
Profit margin is a financial ratio that measures the percentage of profit earned by a company in relation to its revenue. Expressed as a percentage, it indicates how much profit the company makes for every dollar of revenue generated. Profit margin is important because this percentage provides a comprehensive picture of the operating efficiency ...
Contribution margin. Contribution margin (CM), or dollar contribution per unit, is the selling price per unit minus the variable cost per unit. "Contribution" represents the portion of sales revenue that is not consumed by variable costs and so contributes to the coverage of fixed costs. This concept is one of the key building blocks of break ...
Cost-plus pricing is a pricing strategy by which the selling price of a product is determined by adding a specific fixed percentage (a " markup ") to the product's unit cost. Essentially, the markup percentage is a method of generating a particular desired rate of return. [ 1 ][ 2 ] An alternative pricing method is value-based pricing.
As price decreases in the elastic range, the revenue increases, but in the inelastic range, revenue falls. Revenue is highest at the quantity where the elasticity equals 1. A firm considering a price change must know what effect the change in price will have on total revenue. Revenue is simply the product of unit price times quantity:
Markup (or price spread) is the difference between the selling price of a good or service and its cost. It is often expressed as a percentage over the cost. A markup is added into the total cost incurred by the producer of a good or service in order to cover the costs of doing business and create a profit.
The Break-Even Point. The break-even point (BEP) in economics, business —and specifically cost accounting —is the point at which total cost and total revenue are equal, i.e. "even". In layman's terms, after all costs are paid for there is neither profit nor loss. [1][2] In economics specifically, the term has a broader definition; even if ...