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In 1535, Emperor Charles V (who was also King of Sicily) ordered the strengthening of Messina's fortifications. A new defensive system of bastioned fortifications was built between 1536 and 1538, to a design of the military engineers Antonio Ferramolino and Francesco Maurolico. In the 1540s, a number of forts were built strengthening the walls: [1]
It was damaged by the 1908 Messina earthquake [3] before being briefly reused as a 'colony for boys' in the 1940s. [4] Despite several attempts to renovate the site since, it has remained abandoned and considered locally to be haunted by the ghosts of orphans and by the apparition of a nun. [3]
Forte Gonzaga was built on the hill of Montepiselli, outside the city walls. It was able to defend the mountainous landward approach to the city, and it also overlooked the Strait of Messina. The fort was designed by Antonio Ferramolino, a military engineer from Bergamo. [1] He was assisted by Francesco Maurolico, a native of Messina.
The Strait of Messina is a focal point in the migrations of birds every year, who mainly cross the strait to reach their breeding grounds in northern Europe. Due to this form of bottleneck more than 300 species are recorded in the area, which is a major European hot spot for raptors , with a record of 35,000 in one spring.
The Forte del Santissimo Salvatore, a 16th-century fort in the Port of Messina. The Forte Gonzaga, a 16th-century fort overlooking Messina. The Porta Grazia, 17th-century gate of the "Real Cittadella di Messina", by Domenico Biundo and Antonio Amato, a fortress still existing in the harbour.
The Real Cittadella was a fort in Messina, Sicily. The Cittadella was built between 1680 and 1686 by the Spanish Empire, and it was considered to be one of the most important fortifications in the Mediterranean. [1] Most of the fort was demolished in the 20th century, but some parts can still be seen.
The fort was again severely damaged in the earthquake of 1908. The walls facing the port of Messina had to be demolished a year later. [2] In 1934, a large statue of Saint Mary, known as the Madonna della Lettera was erected in the fort, on the site of the medieval tower of St. Anne. [3] Some restoration work has been carried out at the fort.
Port of Messina. Port of Messina (Italian: Porto di Messina) is a port serving Messina, Sicily, Italy.The port has seen a significant growth in traffic in the 21st century, and is now one of the largest and most important in the Mediterranean for cruise ships, growing from 260,000 passengers in 2006 to 405,000 in 2009.