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Diagram of Priestman oil engine from The Steam engine and gas and oil engines (1900) by John Perry Petrol–electric Weitzer railmotor, first 1903, series 1906. The earliest recorded example of the use of an internal combustion engine in a railway locomotive is the prototype designed by William Dent Priestman, which was examined by William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin in 1888 who described it as ...
OPE1A [ru; uk] industrial electro-diesel locomotive for quarry railways with primary electric locomotive and two diesel B–units. An electro-diesel locomotive (also referred to as a dual-mode or bi-mode locomotive) is a type of locomotive that can be powered either from an electricity supply (like an electric locomotive) or by using the onboard diesel engine (like a diesel-electric locomotive).
Diesel–electric transmission is used on railways by diesel–electric locomotives and diesel–electric multiple units, as electric motors are able to supply full torque from 0 RPM. Diesel–electric systems are also used in marine transport, including submarines, and on some other land vehicles.
In diesel-electric and gas turbine-electric locomotives, the horsepower rating of the traction motors is usually around 81% that of the prime mover. This assumes that the electrical generator converts 90% of the engine's output into electrical energy and the traction motors convert 90% of this electrical energy back into mechanical energy.
Dynamic braking is the use of an electric traction motor as a generator when slowing a vehicle such as an electric or diesel-electric locomotive. It is termed " rheostatic " if the generated electrical power is dissipated as heat in brake grid resistors , and " regenerative " if the power is returned to the supply line.
Animated diagram of Deltic engine Cylinder firing order of the 18 cylinder Napier Deltic diesel engine: The grid represents triangular cylinder arrangement (banks A, B, C) and rows 1 to 6 The Napier Deltic engine is a British opposed-piston valveless , supercharged uniflow scavenged , two-stroke diesel engine used in marine and locomotive ...
A battery–electric locomotive (or battery locomotive) is powered by onboard batteries; a kind of battery electric vehicle. Such locomotives are used where a diesel or conventional electric locomotive would be unsuitable. An example is maintenance trains on underground lines when the electricity supply is turned off.
Especially in steam days, wheel arrangement was an important attribute of a locomotive because there were many different types of layout adopted, each wheel being optimised for a different use (often with only some being actually "driven"). Modern diesel and electric locomotives are much more uniform, usually with all axles driven.