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Section 21: freedom of movement, including the right to leave South Africa, the right of citizens to a passport and the right to enter South Africa. Section 22: the right to choose a trade, occupation or profession, although these may be regulated by law. Section 23: labour rights, including the right to unionise and the right to strike.
The Republic of South Africa Constitution Bill was introduced in January 1961. It came into force on 31 May 1961; 31 May was a significant day in South African history, being both the day in 1902 on which the Treaty of Vereeniging was signed, ending the Second Anglo-Boer War , and the day in 1910 on which the Union of South Africa came into being.
The court found that it should balance the rights of property owners under the Constitution [27] with those of indigents and occupiers, [28] and ruled that the landowners' right to equality [29] would be infringed if the state were to burden them with providing alternative accommodation without compensation. The obligation to provide access was ...
The Constitution of 1983 (formally the Republic of South Africa Constitution Act, 1983) was South Africa's third constitution.It replaced the republican constitution that had been adopted when South Africa became a republic in 1961 and was in force for ten years before it was superseded by the Interim Constitution on 27 April 1994, which in turn led to the current Constitution of South Africa ...
The Republic of South Africa Constitution Act, 1961, came into force on 31 May 1961, and the Union of South Africa became the Republic of South Africa, but the existing Parliament continued without an election. 42: Defence Further Amendment Act, 1961: 43: Iron and Steel Industry Amendment Act, 1961: 44: Atomic Energy Amendment Act, 1961: 45
South African constitutional law is the area of South African law relating to the interpretation and application of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa by the country's courts. All laws of South Africa must conform with the Constitution; any laws inconsistent with the Constitution have no force or effect.
Chapter Two of the Constitution of South Africa contains the Bill of Rights, a human rights charter that protects the civil, political and socio-economic rights of all people in South Africa. The rights in the Bill apply to all law, including the common law , and bind all branches of the government, including the national executive, Parliament ...
The description of past injustices has been the focus of early controversy. Opposition party the Freedom Front Plus describing the pledge as an attempt by the African National Congress to instill a "permanent guilty complex" in schoolchildren. [2] Other criticism has centered on the wording rather than the intention of the draft pledge.