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The Richter-tuned harmonica, 10-hole harmonica (in Asia) or blues harp (in America), is the most widely known type of harmonica. It is a variety of diatonic harmonica, with ten holes which offer the player 19 notes (10 holes times a draw and a blow for each hole minus one repeated note) in a three-octave range. The standard diatonic harmonica ...
Richter tuning is a system of choosing the reeds for a diatonic wind instrument (such as a harmonica or accordion).It is named after Joseph Richter, a Bohemian instrument maker who adopted the tuning for his harmonicas in the early 19th century and is credited with inventing the blow/draw mechanism that allows the harmonica to play different notes when the air is drawn instead of blown.
A diatonic harmonica is designed to ease playing in one diatonic scale. Here is a standard diatonic harmonica's layout in the key of C (1 blow is middle C): This layout easily allows the playing of notes most important in C major, that of the C major triad: C, E, and G. The tonic chord is played by blowing and the dominant chord is played by ...
Depending on the country, "diatonic harmonica" may mean either the tremolo harmonica (in East Asia) or blues harp (in Europe and North America). Other diatonic harmonicas include octave harmonicas. Here is the note layout for a standard diatonic in the key of G major:
A tremolo harmonica Pitch range for Tremolo Harmonica (common east Asia). A tremolo harmonica is a type of diatonic harmonica, distinct by having two reeds per note.In a tremolo harmonica, the two reeds are tuned slightly off a reference pitch, one slightly sharp and the other slightly flat.
Solo tuning is a system of choosing the reeds for a diatonic wind instrument (such as a harmonica or accordion) to fit a pattern where blow notes repeat a sequence of C E G C (perhaps shifted to begin with E or with G) and draw notes follow a repeating sequence of D F A B (perhaps correspondingly shifted).
Thus, while a chromatic harmonica is well-suited for playing lead or melody, diatonic harmonicas have a greater advantage when playing harmony or accompaniment. As the chromatic harmonica is designed to play melodies in any key, many 16-hole and special version chromatic are only made in the key of C.
Diminished tuning is a system of choosing the reeds for a diatonic wind instrument (such as a harmonica or accordion) in which the blow notes repeat a sequence of C E♭ F♯ A. and draw notes follow a repeating sequence of D F G♯ B (perhaps shifted to begin with E♭ and F, with F♯ and G♯, or with A and B). For example:
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