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Annual UK coal production (in red) and imports (black), DECC data Coal mining employment in the UK, 1880–2012 (DECC data) Coal production increased dramatically in the 19th century as the Industrial Revolution gathered pace, as a fuel for steam engines such as the Newcomen engine, and later, the Watt steam engine.
The last operating deep coal mine in the United Kingdom, Kellingley colliery in North Yorkshire, closed in December 2015. [1] After 2015, most continuing coal mines were collieries owned by freeminers, or open pit mines of which there were 26 in 2014. [2] However, since December 2023 -with the closure of Ffos-y-fran- no major opencast coal mine ...
[9] [10] The majority of coal produced in England comes from underground mines; in Scotland, most coal is mined from open-pit mines. UK Coal was the United Kingdom's largest coal mining company, producing approximately 8.7 million tonnes of coal annually from deep mines and surface mines, and possessed estimated reserves in excess of 200 ...
The predecessor company of UK Coal was founded by Richard J. Budge in 1974 as RJB Mining. In 1994, following the privatisation of the UK mining industry, it grew fivefold with the acquisition of British Coal's core activities. [2] It changed its name to UK Coal in 2001 after the retirement of its founder, having acquired UK Coal plc. [3]
The opencast at Ffos-y-fran ceased operation in November 2023, which ended opencast coal-mining in the UK. [1] [2] There was, as of September 2024, two open-pit coal mines in the United Kingdom with extant mining licences, one in Derbyshire in England and another in Merthyr Tydfil in Wales. [5]
United Kingdom oil production 1975–2012 (data from DECC) Petroleum production and consumption in the United Kingdom After UK oil production peaked at nearly 3 million barrels per day in 1999, [17] concerns over peak oil production were raised by high-profile voices in the United Kingdom such as David King [18] and the Industry Task-Force on Peak Oil and Energy Security. [19]
Irish Salt Mining 1965–present Produces rock salt for roads, and salt licks for animals [7] [8] Lochaline Mine: Silica sand Lochaline: Highland: Lochaline Quartz Sand 1940–2008 2012–present Produces glass sand Milldam Mine Fluorspar/lead ore
The much-reduced coal industry was privatised in December 1994, ultimately becoming UK Coal. In 1983, Britain had 175 working pits, all of which had closed by the end of 2015. [9] Poverty increased in former coal mining areas, and in 1994 Grimethorpe in South Yorkshire was the poorest settlement in the country. [10]