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This page shows the electron configurations of the neutral gaseous atoms in their ground states. For each atom the subshells are given first in concise form, then with all subshells written out, followed by the number of electrons per shell. For phosphorus (element 15) as an example, the concise form is [Ne] 3s 2 3p 3.
Configurations of elements 109 and above are not available. Predictions from reliable sources have been used for these elements. Grayed out electron numbers indicate subshells filled to their maximum. Bracketed noble gas symbols on the left represent inner configurations that are the same in each period. Written out, these are: He, 2, helium : 1s 2
The electron-shell configuration of elements beyond hassium has not yet been empirically verified, but they are expected to follow Madelung's rule without exceptions until element 120. Element 121 should have the anomalous configuration 8s 2 5g 0 6f 0 7d 0 8p 1, having a p rather than a g electron.
Starting from the third element, lithium, the first shell is full, so its third electron occupies a 2s orbital, giving a 1s 2 2s 1 configuration. The 2s electron is lithium's only valence electron, as the 1s subshell is now too tightly bound to the nucleus to participate in chemical bonding to other atoms: such a shell is called a " core shell ".
[9]: 2–3 Reactions with water and alcohols are also exothermic and release hydrogen gas: [9]: 3 Ba + 2 ROH → Ba(OR) 2 + H 2 ↑ (R is an alkyl group or a hydrogen atom) Barium reacts with ammonia to form the electride [Ba(NH 3) 6](e −) 2, which near room temperature gives the amide Ba(NH 2) 2. [11] The metal is readily attacked by acids.
A chemical element, often simply called an element, is a type of atom which has a specific number of protons in its atomic nucleus (i.e., a specific atomic number, or Z). [ 1 ] The definitive visualisation of all 118 elements is the periodic table of the elements , whose history along the principles of the periodic law was one of the founding ...
Thus, hydrogen and the alkali metals are all 2 S 1 ⁄ 2, the alkaline earth metals are 1 S 0, the boron column elements are 2 P 1 ⁄ 2, the carbon column elements are 3 P 0, the pnictogens are 4 S 3 ⁄ 2, the chalcogens are 3 P 2, the halogens are 2 P 3 ⁄ 2, and the inert gases are 1 S 0, per the rule for full shells and subshells stated ...
The alkaline earth metals are six chemical elements in group 2 of the periodic table. They are beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), and radium (Ra). [1] The elements have very similar properties: they are all shiny, silvery-white, somewhat reactive metals at standard temperature and pressure. [2]