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Urbanization might also force some people to live in slums when it influences land use by transforming agricultural land into urban areas and increases land value. During the process of urbanization, some agricultural land is used for additional urban activities.
While a large number of slum residents would be considered poor according to the international poverty line of $1.25/day, [7] not all who live in slums fall into this category. A measurement in 2010 states that around 50% of slum residents earn wages of $2-$4 USD a day, landing above the federal poverty line. [8]
Rooftop slums then developed, when people began to live illegally on the roofs of urban buildings. [56] In addition, the Kowloon Walled City became an area for squatters, housing up to 50,000 people in Hong Kong. [57] Street dwellers in Mumbai. In Mumbai, India, there are an estimated 10 to 12 million inhabitants, and six million of them are ...
Even before the first favela came into being, poor citizens were pushed away from the city and forced to live in the far suburbs. Most modern favelas appeared in the 1970s due to rural exodus, when many people left rural areas of Brazil and moved to cities. Unable to find places to live, many people found themselves in favelas. [1]
As of 2005, there were 346 shanty towns in Beijing, housing 1.5 million people. [26] Author Robert Neuwirth wrote that around six million people, half the population of Istanbul lived in gecekondu areas. [27] In Hong Kong, the Kowloon Walled City housed up to 50,000 people, [28] with rooftop slums currently providing some additional housing.
Part of the promise of suburbia was its economic homogeneity. Move to Levittown in the 1950s, say, and you would be surrounded by people just like you: middle class, gainfully employed, and ...
A slum as defined by the United Nations agency UN-Habitat, is a run-down area of a city characterized by substandard housing, squalor, and lacking in tenure security. According to the United Nations, the percentage of urban dwellers living in slums decreased from 47 percent to 37 percent in the developing world between 1990 and 2005. [ 1 ]
Despite 6.5 million new housing units built between 1945 and 1952, some cities saw an expansion in slum areas. While slum clearance did not feature prominently during the 1952 presidential election, President-elect Dwight D. Eisenhower referred to the requirement of having decent housing for Americans forced to live in slums as a "moral ...