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Societal collapse (also known as civilizational collapse or systems collapse) is the fall of a complex human society characterized by the loss of cultural identity and of social complexity as an adaptive system, the downfall of government, and the rise of violence. [1]
Empires are costly and inefficient, and imperialism is costly and counterproductive, with both combining to generate the very forces that eventually bring about imperial downfall. Opinion - Why ...
State collapse is a sudden dissolution of a sovereign state. [1] It is often used to describe extreme situations in which state institutions dissolve rapidly. [2] [1]When a new regime moves in, often led by the military, civil society typically fails to rally around the central government, and societal actors fend for themselves at the local level. [1]
The graveyard of empires is a sobriquet often associated with Afghanistan. It originates from the several historical examples of foreign powers having been unable to achieve military victory in Afghanistan in the modern period, including the British Empire , the Soviet Union and, most recently, the United States .
Subsequent colonial empires included the French, English, Dutch and Japanese empires. Throughout the 19th and early 20th century, by virtue of its technological and maritime supremacy, the British Empire steadily expanded to become by far the largest empire in history; at its height ruling over a quarter of the Earth's land area and 24% of the ...
For all these reasons, and more, Spain itself went into steep economic decline starting in the mid-1500s, becoming almost totally dependent on its vast empire in the Americas. Once the riches of its empire were lost in the 1820s and 1830s, Spain could not support itself economically, like France and the UK, and spiraled down into a deep poverty ...
The United States insisted that its purchase also included most of West Florida and all of Texas. [64] Thomas Jefferson claimed that Louisiana stretched west to the Rocky Mountains and included the entire watershed of the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers and their tributaries, and that the southern border was the Rio Grande.
Hegemonic stability theory (HST) is a theory of international relations, rooted in research from the fields of political science, economics, and history.HST indicates that the international system is more likely to remain stable when a single state is the dominant world power, or hegemon. [1]