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Gypsum is moderately water-soluble (~2.0–2.5 g/L at 25 °C) [13] and, in contrast to most other salts, it exhibits retrograde solubility, becoming less soluble at higher temperatures. When gypsum is heated in air it loses water and converts first to calcium sulfate hemihydrate ( bassanite , often simply called "plaster") and, if heated ...
The construction industry is the number one user of phosphogypsum in 2020, with 10.5 Mt used as concrete set retarder and 3.5 Mt used in drywall. [13] It is also used as a chemical feedstock for producing sulfates, and as a soil conditioner similar to regular gypsum. [14]
The following chart shows the solubility of various ionic compounds in water at 1 atm pressure and room temperature (approx. 25 °C, 298.15 K). "Soluble" means the ionic compound doesn't precipitate, while "slightly soluble" and "insoluble" mean that a solid will precipitate; "slightly soluble" compounds like calcium sulfate may require heat to precipitate.
Gypsum concrete is sometimes called gypcrete by construction professionals, [2] [3] as a generic name in common usage (but not in law), but that is an alteration of Gyp-Crete, a Maxxon trademark for its brand of gypsum concrete. [4] Other common brands of gypsum concrete include Levelrock [5] (from US Gypsum) and Firm-Fill. [6]
3) and water to also form gypsum while releasing CO 2: H 2 SO 4 + CaCO 3 + H 2 O → CaSO 4 · 2H 2 O + CO 2. Gypsum is relatively soluble in water (~ 1 – 2 g/L), so there is plenty of calcium and sulfates ions available for TSA. Simultaneously, carbonic acid (H 2 O + CO 2 ⇌ H 2 CO 3) dissolves calcite to form soluble calcium bicarbonate:
In the form of γ-anhydrite (the anhydrous form), it is used as a desiccant. One particular hydrate is better known as plaster of Paris, and another occurs naturally as the mineral gypsum. It has many uses in industry. All forms are white solids that are poorly soluble in water. [5] Calcium sulfate causes permanent hardness in water.
A restored gesso panel representing St. Martin of Tours, from St. Michael and All Angels Church, Lyndhurst, Hampshire. Gesso (Italian pronunciation:; 'chalk', from the Latin: gypsum, from Greek: γύψος), also known as "glue gesso" or "Italian gesso", [1] is a white paint mixture used to coat rigid surfaces such as wooden painting panels or masonite as a permanent absorbent primer substrate ...
A gypsum block is made of gypsum plaster and water. The manufacturing process [1] is automated at production plants where raw gypsum (CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O) is ground and dried, then heated to remove three-quarters of the bound water and thus transformed into calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CaSO 4 ·½H 2 O), also known as gypsum plaster, stucco, calcined gypsum or plaster of Paris.