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Nightmares in adults can be caused by certain sleep disorders. These include sleep apnea and restless legs syndrome. If no other cause can be determined, chronic nightmares may be a distinct...
Not sure if your bad dreams will ever go away? Sleep experts weigh in with ways for adults to stop having nightmares.
Some people have them as adults or throughout their lives. Although nightmares are common, nightmare disorder is relatively rare. Nightmare disorder is when nightmares happen often, cause distress, disrupt sleep, cause problems with daytime functioning or create fear of going to sleep.
This topic reviews the causes, differential diagnosis, evaluation, and management of nightmares in adults. Nightmares in children and other parasomnias in children and adults are reviewed separately. (See "Parasomnias of childhood, including sleepwalking" and "Disorders of arousal from non-rapid eye movement sleep in adults".) EPIDEMIOLOGY —
You can have nightmares for all kinds of reasons, including anxiety, sleep deprivation, drug and alcohol use, and medical conditions like obstructive sleep apnea and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Nightmares can also be a side effect of certain medications. But why? That part is less clear.
Nightmare disorder—defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition, Text Revision) as repeated dreams that are extremely dysphoric, are well remembered, and cause significant distress or impairment in functioning—affects 2%–5% of adults in the general population.
A sleep doctor explains night terrors in adults, why they happen, how to prevent them, and how they differ from nightmares. Plus, what to do if you have them.
Nightmare disorder is a pattern of repeated frightening and vivid dreams that cause significant distress or impaired functioning. Nightmare disorder is one type of parasomnias, which are behavioral sleep abnormalities.
Mental health conditions: Mental health conditions that are linked to nightmares include post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, schizophrenia, anxiety and panic disorders, and borderline personality disorder.
About 2%-8% of adults have problems with nightmares. Frequent nightmares are more common in children than in adults. Nightmares in children are most prevalent between the ages of 3 and 6 and tend to occur less often as children get older. In some cases, though, nightmares persist into adolescence and adulthood.