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Chestnut tree leaves: The sweet chestnut tree leaves are 6” to 11” (15 – 28 cm) long with a coarsely toothed margin and prominent veins from the midrib to the edges. The chestnut tree leaves turn a golden yellow in the fall.
Leaves are simple, narrowly obovate to oblanceolate, 3.5 – 11” long, and about ⅓ as wide, with a cuneate base, acute or acuminate tip, and margins that are sharply serrate with teeth that taper to a long, fine awn.
How to Have Your Chestnut Tree Identified by TACF. Chestnut tree identification is a free service that TACF provides to the public. A good leaf and twig sample is the best way to identify your tree, as photos alone can be misleading and do not allow for a definitive identification.
The Japanese chestnut has narrow leaves, smaller than either American chestnut or sweet chestnut, with small, sharply-pointed teeth and many hairs on the underside of the leaf and is the most blight-resistant species.
Leaves. Leaf shape is a great starting point for identifying chestnut species. However, it is important to remember that leaf shape is highly variable and should not be used as the sole method of identification.
Leaf or needle arrangement, size, shape, and texture: Leaves are elongated, alternate, and simple, with coarsely toothed margins. Each tooth ends in a bristle tip. Leaves are dark green in summer and the fall color is yellow to yellow-brown. Flower arrangement, shape, and size: Small white male flowers on a 6 inch long pencil-thin spike.
Most chestnut species are tall trees, commonly with furrowed bark when mature. The toothed leaves are lance-shaped to somewhat oval. Most male flowers are borne in long upright catkins; female flowers are arranged singly or in clusters at the base of short male catkins.
American Leaf (left): Elongated leaf. Large, prominent teeth on edge; bristle on teeth curves inward. Blade tapers sharply to meet stem at base of leaf blade. Light green underside on leaves exposed to the sun. Chinese Leaf (right): Oval-shaped leaf. Small teeth on edge. Base of leaf blade rounded.
Chestnut trees have leaves that attach directly to tree branches, rather than clusters of leaves attached to one stem. Chestnuts also have alternative leaves, meaning that there are spaces between the stem of one leaf and the next.
The American chestnut is a large tree with brown, smooth buds and twigs. The tree can grow upwards of 100 feet in height and 10 feet in diameter. The bark, though brown like the twigs and buds, is very uneven consisting of deep furrows and flat-topped ridges in maturity. The leaves are about 6 inches long and have serrated edges.