Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
In mathematics, equality is a relationship between two quantities or expressions, stating that they have the same value, or represent the same mathematical object. [1] Equality between A and B is written A = B, and pronounced " A equals B ". In this equality, A and B are distinguished by calling them left-hand side (LHS), and right-hand side (RHS).
For a given congruence ~ on A, the set A / ~ of equivalence classes can be given the structure of an algebra in a natural fashion, the quotient algebra. The function that maps every element of A to its equivalence class is a homomorphism, and the kernel of this homomorphism is ~. The lattice Con(A) of all congruence relations on an algebra A is ...
Viète. de Moivre. Euler. Fourier. v. t. e. In trigonometry, trigonometric identities are equalities that involve trigonometric functions and are true for every value of the occurring variables for which both sides of the equality are defined. Geometrically, these are identities involving certain functions of one or more angles.
In mathematics, an isometry (or congruence, or congruent transformation) is a distance -preserving transformation between metric spaces, usually assumed to be bijective. [a] The word isometry is derived from the Ancient Greek: ἴσος isos meaning "equal", and μέτρον metron meaning "measure". If the transformation is from a metric space ...
The congruence relation is an equivalence relation. The equivalence class modulo m of an integer a is the set of all integers of the form a + k m, where k is any integer. It is called the congruence class or residue class of a modulo m, and may be denoted as (a mod m), or as a or [a] when the modulus m is known from the context.
An example of congruence. The two figures on the left are congruent, while the third is similar to them. The last figure is neither. Congruences alter some properties, such as location and orientation, but leave others unchanged, like distance and angles. The latter sort of properties are called invariants and studying them is the essence of ...
In mathematics, an equivalence relation is a binary relation that is reflexive, symmetric and transitive. The equipollence relation between line segments in geometry is a common example of an equivalence relation. A simpler example is equality. Any number is equal to itself (reflexive). If , then (symmetric).
If two points A, B of a line a lie in a plane α, then every point of a lies in α. In this case we say: "The line a lies in the plane α", etc. If two planes α, β have a point A in common, then they have at least a second point B in common. There exist at least four points not lying in a plane.