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In the context of SQL, data definition or data description language (DDL) is a syntax for creating and modifying database objects such as tables, indices, and users. DDL statements are similar to a computer programming language for defining data structures, especially database schemas. Common examples of DDL statements include CREATE, ALTER ...
The formal definition of a database schema is a set of formulas (sentences) called integrity constraints imposed on a database. [citation needed] These integrity constraints ensure compatibility between parts of the schema. All constraints are expressible in the same language. A database can be considered a structure in realization of the ...
A schema migration is performed on a database whenever it is necessary to update or revert that database's schema to some newer or older version. Migrations are performed programmatically by using a schema migration tool. When invoked with a specified desired schema version, the tool automates the successive application or reversal of an ...
Schema evolution. In computer science, schema versioning and schema evolution, deal with the need to retain current data and software system functionality in the face of changing database structure. [1] The problem is not limited to the modification of the schema. It, in fact, affects the data stored under the given schema and the queries (and ...
MySQL (/ ˌ m aɪ ˌ ɛ s ˌ k juː ˈ ɛ l /) [5] is an open-source relational database management system (RDBMS). [5] [6] Its name is a combination of "My", the name of co-founder Michael Widenius's daughter My, [7] and "SQL", the acronym for Structured Query Language.
SQL was initially developed at IBM by Donald D. Chamberlin and Raymond F. Boyce after learning about the relational model from Edgar F. Codd [12] in the early 1970s. [13] This version, initially called SEQUEL (Structured English Query Language), was designed to manipulate and retrieve data stored in IBM's original quasirelational database management system, System R, which a group at IBM San ...
The relational model (RM) is an approach to managing data using a structure and language consistent with first-order predicate logic, first described in 1969 by English computer scientist Edgar F. Codd, [1][2] where all data is represented in terms of tuples, grouped into relations. A database organized in terms of the relational model is a ...
In SQL, the data manipulation language comprises the SQL-data change statements, [3] which modify stored data but not the schema or database objects. Manipulation of persistent database objects, e.g., tables or stored procedures, via the SQL schema statements, [3] rather than the data stored within them, is considered to be part of a separate data definition language (DDL).