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After 2002, the minimally invasive trans-anal approach known as Stapled Trans-Anal Rectal Resection (STARR) became popular for treating obstructed defecation syndrome. However, over time, there has been a general trend away from STARR towards abdominal rectopexy for surgical treatment of obstructed defecation syndrome. [14]
Obstructed defecation syndrome (abbreviated as ODS, with many synonymous terms) is a major cause of functional constipation (primary constipation), [17] of which it is considered a subtype. [18] It is characterized by difficult and/or incomplete emptying of the rectum with or without an actual reduction in the number of bowel movements per week ...
Anismus or dyssynergic defecation is the failure of normal relaxation of pelvic floor muscles during attempted defecation. It can occur in both children and adults, and in both men and women (although it is more common in women). It can be caused by physical defects or it can occur for other reasons or unknown reasons.
Often, rectal tenesmus is simply called tenesmus. The term rectal tenesmus is a retronym to distinguish defecation-related tenesmus from vesical tenesmus. [2] Vesical tenesmus is a similar condition, experienced as a feeling of incomplete voiding despite the bladder being empty. Tenesmus is a closely related topic to obstructed defecation.
Bowel obstruction, also known as intestinal obstruction, is a mechanical or functional obstruction of the intestines which prevents the normal movement of the products of digestion. [ 2 ][ 5 ] Either the small bowel or large bowel may be affected. [ 1 ] Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, vomiting, bloating and not passing gas. [ 1 ]
Patients with other causes of obstructed defecation (outlet obstruction) like anismus also tend to have higher incidence of internal intussusception. Enteroceles are coexistent in 11% of patients with internal intussusception. [40] Symptoms of internal intussusception overlap with those of rectocele, indeed the 2 conditions can occur together. [41]
It is a treatment for persons with bowel dysfunction, including fecal incontinence and/or constipation (especially obstructed defecation). The impact of transanal irrigation varies considerably. Some individuals experience complete control of incontinence, and other report little or no benefit. [1] Evidence show this treatment can be considered ...
In infants, Hirschsprung's disease is the most common medical disorder associated with constipation. Anismus occurs in a small minority of persons with chronic constipation or obstructed defecation. [33] Spinal cord lesions and neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease and pelvic floor dysfunction [18] can also lead to constipation.