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  2. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dual-energy_X-ray...

    Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA, or DEXA[ 1 ]) is a means of measuring bone mineral density (BMD) using spectral imaging. Two X-ray beams, with different energy levels, are aimed at the patient's bones. When soft tissue absorption is subtracted out, the bone mineral density (BMD) can be determined from the absorption of each beam by bone.

  3. Monckeberg's arteriosclerosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monckeberg's_arteriosclerosis

    Translumbar aortography shows near-total obstruction of the femoral arteries. Mönckeberg's arteriosclerosis, or Mönckeberg's sclerosis, is a non-inflammatory form of arteriosclerosis (artery hardening), which differs from atherosclerosis traditionally. Calcium deposits are found in the muscular middle layer of the walls of arteries (the ...

  4. Ehlers–Danlos syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ehlers–Danlos_syndrome

    In general, people with this variant have skin that is soft, smooth, and velvety and bruises easily, and may have chronic muscle and/or bone pain. [5] It affects the skin less than other forms. It has no available genetic test. [17] hEDS is the most common of the 19 types of connective tissue disorders. Since no genetic test exists, providers ...

  5. Atherosclerosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atherosclerosis

    Atherosclerosis[ a ] is a pattern of the disease arteriosclerosis, [ 8 ] characterized by development of abnormalities called lesions in walls of arteries. This is a chronic inflammatory disease involving many different cell types, and driven by elevated levels of cholesterol in the blood. [ 9 ] These lesions may lead to narrowing of the ...

  6. Arterial stiffness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arterial_stiffness

    Arterial stiffness occurs as a consequence of biological aging and arteriosclerosis. [1] Inflammation plays a major role in arteriosclerosis development, and consequently it is a major contributor in large arteries stiffening. [2] Increased arterial stiffness is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events such as myocardial ...

  7. Peripheral artery disease - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripheral_artery_disease

    Peripheral artery disease most commonly affects the legs, but other arteries may also be involved, such as those of the arms, neck, or kidneys. [4][17] Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a form of peripheral vascular disease. Vascular refers to both the arteries and veins within the body. PAD differs from peripheral veinous disease.

  8. Deep vein thrombosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_vein_thrombosis

    Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a type of venous thrombosis involving the formation of a blood clot in a deep vein, most commonly in the legs or pelvis. [ 9 ][ a ] A minority of DVTs occur in the arms. [ 11 ] Symptoms can include pain, swelling, redness, and enlarged veins in the affected area, but some DVTs have no symptoms.

  9. Bone density - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_density

    A scanner used to measure bone density using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Bone density, or bone mineral density, is the amount of bone mineral in bone tissue.The concept is of mass of mineral per volume of bone (relating to density in the physics sense), although clinically it is measured by proxy according to optical density per square centimetre of bone surface upon imaging. [1]

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