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Cyclic peptides are polypeptide chains with a circular sequence of bonds, often found in nature or synthesized in the laboratory. They have various applications in medicine, such as antibiotics and immunosuppressive agents, and can be classified by the types of bonds that comprise the ring.
Peptides are short chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds, and can be classified according to their sources and functions. Learn about ribosomal and nonribosomal peptides, peptide synthesis, peptide interactions, and peptide families with hormonal, antimicrobial, and other activities.
Clinically, cyclic citrullinated peptides (CCP) are frequently used to detect these antibodies in patient serum or plasma (then referred to as anti–citrullinated peptide antibodies). [ 1 ] During inflammation, arginine amino acid residues can be enzymatically converted into citrulline residues in proteins such as vimentin , by a process ...
The structural rigidity of cyclic RGD peptides improves their binding properties and prevents degradation at the highly susceptible aspartic acid residue, thereby increasing their stability. [30] Many RGD derivative drugs and diagnostics are cyclized, including Eptifibatide, Cilengitide, CEND-1, and 18 F-Galacto-RGD, and 18 F-Fluciclatide-RGD.
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A number of natural antimicrobial peptides are cyclic, and the products of SICLOPPS are "increasingly viewed as ideal backbones for modulation of protein-protein interactions." [3] Circular peptides tend to be resistant to protease activity, and may be suitable for use as orally administered drugs.
Learn how peptides are chemically synthesized by condensation of amino acids, and how solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) is used to assemble peptide chains. Find out about the coupling reagents, protecting groups, and purification techniques involved in peptide synthesis.
Cyclotides are cyclic cystine knot peptides with diverse biological activities and structural features. They are isolated from various plant families and have a conserved gene structure and biosynthesis pathway.