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Heterophoria is an eye condition in which the directions that the eyes are pointing at rest position, when not performing binocular fusion, are not the same as each other, or, "not straight". This condition can be esophoria, where the eyes tend to cross inward in the absence of fusion; exophoria, in which they diverge; or hyperphoria, in which ...
Upper and lower human gastrointestinal tract. The esophagus (American English) or oesophagus (British English, see spelling differences; both / iː ˈ s ɒ f ə ɡ ə s, ɪ-/; pl.: (o)esophagi or (o)esophaguses), colloquially known also as the food pipe, food tube, or gullet, is an organ in vertebrates through which food passes, aided by peristaltic contractions, from the pharynx to the stomach.
Exophoria. Exophoria is a form of heterophoria in which there is a tendency of the eyes to deviate outward. [1] During examination, when the eyes are dissociated, the visual axes will appear to diverge away from one another. [2] The axis deviation in exophoria is usually mild compared with that of exotropia .
The human gastrointestinal tract consists of the esophagus, stomach, and intestines, and is divided into the upper and lower gastrointestinal tracts. The GI tract includes all structures between the mouth and the anus , [4] forming a continuous passageway that includes the main organs of digestion, namely, the stomach , small intestine , and ...
Gastroenterology. Megaesophagus, also known as esophageal dilatation, is a disorder of the esophagus in humans and other mammals, whereby the esophagus becomes abnormally enlarged. Megaesophagus may be caused by any disease which causes the muscles of the esophagus to fail to properly propel food and liquid from the mouth into the stomach (that ...
Structure Layers of the Alimentary Canal.The wall of the alimentary canal has four basic tissue layers: the mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa. The enteric nervous system in humans consists of some 500 million neurons (including the various types of Dogiel cells), 0.5% of the number of neurons in the brain, five times as many as the one hundred million neurons in the human spinal cord ...
In humans. In humans the glands are known as the esophageal submucosal glands and are a part of the human digestive system. [1] They are a small compound racemose exocrine glands of the mucous type. [citation needed] There are two types: Esophageal submucosal glands are compound tubulo-alveolar glands. Some serous cells are present.
Barrett's esophagus is a condition in which there is an abnormal ( metaplastic) change in the mucosal cells lining the lower portion of the esophagus, from stratified squamous epithelium to simple columnar epithelium with interspersed goblet cells that are normally present only in the small intestine and large intestine.