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2. Gemstone irradiation - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemstone_irradiation

   Gemstone irradiation is a process in which a gemstone is artificially irradiated in order to enhance its optical properties. High levels of ionizing radiation can change the atomic structure of the gemstone's crystal lattice, which in turn alters the optical properties within it. [1] As a result, the gem­stone's color may be significantly ...

3. Zircon - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zircon

   Zircon is a part of the ZTR index to classify highly-weathered sediments. Gemstone A pale blue zircon gemstone weighing 3.36 carats. Transparent zircon is a well-known form of semi-precious gemstone, favored for its high specific gravity (between 4.2 and 4.86) and adamantine luster.

4. Cubic zirconia - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubic_zirconia

   Cubic zirconia (abbreviated CZ) is the cubic crystalline form of zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2 ). The synthesized material is hard and usually colorless, but may be made in a variety of different colors. It should not be confused with zircon, which is a zirconium silicate (ZrSiO 4 ). It is sometimes erroneously called cubic zirconium .

5. Diamond simulant - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diamond_simulant

   The most common diamond simulants are high- leaded glass (i.e., rhinestones) and cubic zirconia (CZ), both artificial materials. A number of other artificial materials, such as strontium titanate and synthetic rutile have been developed since the mid-1950s, but these are no longer in common use.

6. Oldest dated rocks - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oldest_dated_rocks

   The 4.404 ±0.008 Ga zircon is a slight outlier, with the oldest consistently dated zircon falling closer to 4.35 Ga. This zircon is part of a population of zircons within the metamorphosed conglomerate, which is believed to have been deposited about 3.060 Ga, which is the age of the youngest detrital zircon in the rock.

7. Hadean zircon - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadean_zircon

   Hadean zircon is the oldest-surviving crustal material from the Earth's earliest geological time period, the Hadean eon, about 4 billion years ago. Zircon is a mineral that is commonly used for radiometric dating because it is highly resistant to chemical changes and appears in the form of small crystals or grains in most igneous and metamorphic host rocks.