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The skin weighs an average of four kilograms, covers an area of two square metres, and is made of three distinct layers: the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue. [1] The two main types of human skin are: glabrous skin, the hairless skin on the palms and soles (also referred to as the "palmoplantar" surfaces), and hair-bearing skin. [3]
Pronunciation. pɪˈtiːkɪə. Specialty. Rheumatology. A petechia ( / pɪˈtiːkiə /; [ 1] pl.: petechiae) is a small red or purple spot (≤4 mm in diameter) that can appear on the skin, conjunctiva, retina, and mucous membranes which is caused by haemorrhage of capillaries. [ 2][ 3] The word is derived from Italian petecchia ' freckle ', of ...
Hyperpigmentation can be diffuse or focal, affecting such areas as the face and the back of the hands. Melanin is produced by melanocytes at the lower layer of the epidermis. Melanin is a class of pigment responsible for producing color in the body in places such as the eyes, skin, and hair. The process of melanin synthesis (melanogenesis ...
Rash. A rash is a change of the skin that affects its color, appearance, or texture. A rash may be localized in one part of the body, or affect all the skin. Rashes may cause the skin to change color, itch, become warm, bumpy, chapped, dry, cracked or blistered, swell, and may be painful. The causes, and therefore treatments for rashes, vary ...
Melasma. Melasma (also known as chloasma faciei, [ 1]: 854 or the mask of pregnancy[ 2] when present in pregnant women) is a tan or dark skin discoloration. Melasma is thought to be caused by sun exposure, genetic predisposition, hormone changes, and skin irritation. [ 3]
Atopic dermatitis. Atopic dermatitis ( AD ), also known as atopic eczema, is a long-term type of inflammation of the skin ( dermatitis ). [ 2] It results in itchy, red, swollen, and cracked skin. [ 2] Clear fluid may come from the affected areas, which can thicken over time. [ 2]
Dermatology. Causes. Malassezia globosa, Malassezia furfur. Tinea versicolor (also pityriasis versicolor) is a condition characterized by a skin eruption on the trunk and proximal extremities. [ 1] The majority of tinea versicolor is caused by the fungus Malassezia globosa, although Malassezia furfur is responsible for a small number of cases ...
Liver spot. Liver spots (also known as age spot, solar lentigo, [ 1] " lentigo senilis ", [ 1]: 686 " old age spot ", [ 2] " senile freckle ") [ 2] are blemishes on the skin associated with aging [ 3] and exposure to ultraviolet radiation from the sun. [ 4] They range in color from light brown [ 5] to red or black and are located in areas most ...