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Hypertropia is a condition of misalignment of the eyes ( strabismus ), whereby the visual axis of one eye is higher than the fellow fixating eye. Hypotropia is the similar condition, focus being on the eye with the visual axis lower than the fellow fixating eye. Dissociated vertical deviation is a special type of hypertropia leading to slow ...
Far-sightedness, also known as long-sightedness, hypermetropia, and hyperopia, is a condition of the eye where distant objects are seen clearly but near objects appear blurred. This blur is due to incoming light being focused behind, instead of on, the retina due to insufficient accommodation by the lens. [ 6]
Ischemic optic neuropathy ( ION) is the loss of structure and function of a portion of the optic nerve due to obstruction of blood flow to the nerve (i.e. ischemia ). Ischemic forms of optic neuropathy are typically classified as either anterior ischemic optic neuropathy or posterior ischemic optic neuropathy according to the part of the optic ...
The scientific and objective study of non-human animal behaviour rather than human behaviour usually with a focus on behaviour under natural conditions, and viewing behaviour as an evolutionarily adaptive trait. etiology. The study of causation, or origination. The causes of diseases or pathologies.
Physiological psychology is a subdivision of behavioral neuroscience (biological psychology) that studies the neural mechanisms of perception and behavior through direct manipulation of the brains of nonhuman animal subjects in controlled experiments. [ 1][page needed] This field of psychology takes an empirical and practical approach when ...
v. t. e. Physiology ( / ˌfɪziˈɒlədʒi /; from Ancient Greek φύσις (phúsis) 'nature, origin' and -λογία ( -logía) 'study of') [ 1] is the scientific study of functions and mechanisms in a living system. [ 2][ 3] As a subdiscipline of biology, physiology focuses on how organisms, organ systems, individual organs, cells, and ...
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to neuroscience: Neuroscience is the scientific study of the structure and function of the nervous system. [ 1][ 2] It encompasses the branch of biology [ 3] that deals with the anatomy, biochemistry, molecular biology, and physiology of neurons and neural circuits.
This glossary of biology terms is a list of definitions of fundamental terms and concepts used in biology, the study of life and of living organisms.It is intended as introductory material for novices; for more specific and technical definitions from sub-disciplines and related fields, see Glossary of cell biology, Glossary of genetics, Glossary of evolutionary biology, Glossary of ecology ...