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An octave band is a frequency band that spans one octave (Play ⓘ).In this context an octave can be a factor of 2 [1] [full citation needed] or a factor of 10 0.301. [2] [full citation needed] [3] [full citation needed] An octave of 1200 cents in musical pitch (a logarithmic unit) corresponds to a frequency ratio of 2 / 1 ≈ 10 0.301.
A one-third octave is a logarithmic unit of frequency ratio equal to either one third of an octave (1200/3 = 400 cents: major third) or one tenth of a decade (3986.31/10 = 398.631 cents: M3 Play ⓘ). [1] An alternative (unambiguous) term for one tenth of a decade is a decidecade. [2] [3]
For example, the frequency one octave above 40 Hz is 80 Hz. The term is derived from the Western musical scale where an octave is a doubling in frequency. [note 1] Specification in terms of octaves is therefore common in audio electronics. Along with the decade, it is a unit used to describe frequency bands or frequency ratios. [1] [2]
A graph of the A-, B-, C- and D-weightings across the frequency range 10 Hz – 20 kHz Video illustrating A-weighting by analyzing a sine sweep (contains audio). A-weighting is a form of frequency weighting and the most commonly used of a family of curves defined in the International standard IEC 61672:2003 and various national standards relating to the measurement of sound pressure level. [1]
This measurement may be carried out by measuring the levels in octave bands, or in 1/3 octave bands. (the latter is normally used for most applications). The minimum requirements of the standards require for the frequency range from 100 Hz to 3.15 kHz to be measured (16 1 ⁄ 3 octave bands). In some situations measurements may be carried out ...
An octave—two notes that have a frequency ratio of 2:1—spans twelve semitones and therefore 1200 cents. The ratio of frequencies one cent apart is precisely equal to 2 1 ⁄ 1200 = 1200 √ 2, the 1200th root of 2, which is approximately 1.000 577 7895. Thus, raising a frequency by one cent corresponds to multiplying the original frequency ...
Stereo 31-band 1/3-octave graphic equalizer for use in sound reinforcement applications. In the graphic equalizer, the input signal is sent to a bank of filters. Each filter passes the portion of the signal present in its own frequency range or band. The amplitude passed by each filter is adjusted using a slide control to boost or cut frequency ...
Roll-off of a first-order low-pass filter is 20 dB/decade (≈6 dB/octave) A simple first-order network such as a RC circuit will have a roll-off of 20 dB/decade. This is a little over 6 dB/octave and is the more usual description given for this roll-off.