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The system call that effects the command in most operating systems is chdir that is defined by POSIX. Command line shells on Windows usually use the Windows API to change the current working directory, whereas on Unix systems cd calls the chdir() POSIX C function.
Multics had a pwd command (which was a short name of the print_wdir command) [11] from which the Unix pwd command originated. [12] The command is a shell builtin in most Unix shells such as Bourne shell, ash, bash, ksh, and zsh. It can be implemented easily with the POSIX C functions getcwd() or getwd().
These commands can be found on Unix operating systems and most Unix-like operating systems. GNU Core Utilities include basic file, shell and text manipulation utilities. Coreutils includes all of the basic command-line tools that are expected in a POSIX system.
It is sometimes called the current working directory (CWD), e.g. the BSD getcwd [1] function, or just current directory. [2] When a process refers to a file using a simple file name or relative path (as opposed to a file designated by a full path from a root directory ), the reference is interpreted relative to the working directory of the process.
The mkdir (make directory) command in the Unix, DOS, DR FlexOS, [1] IBM OS/2, [2] Microsoft Windows, and ReactOS [3] operating systems is used to make a new directory. It is also available in the EFI shell [4] and in the PHP scripting language. In DOS, OS/2, Windows and ReactOS, the command is often abbreviated to md.
The pushd ('push directory') command saves the current working directory to the stack then changes the working directory to the new path input by the user. If pushd is not provided with a path argument , it changes instead to the next directory from the top of the stack, [ clarification needed ] which can be used to toggle between two directories.
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Operating system Command Valid alternative Notes OpenVMS: directory/owner: Dir /Owner: instruct the directory command to also display the ownership of the files. Note the Directory command name is not case sensitive, and can be abbreviated to as few letters as required to remain unique. Windows: DIR/Q/O:S d* dir /q d* /o:s