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Research into relative outcomes of parenting by biological and adoptive parents has produced a variety of results. When socioeconomic differences between two-biological-parent and two-adoptive-parent households are controlled for, the two types of families tend to invest a similar amount of resources. [ 1 ]
Alternatively, the non-gestational parent may go through second-parent adoption to become a legal parent of the child. Further, multiple courts have used doctrines such as psychological parenthood, equitable parenthood, and de facto parenthood to grant non-biological, non-adoptive parents custody of their children. [43] [44]
Second, this doctrine may allow a non-biological parent to exercise the legal rights and responsibilities of a biological parent if they have held themselves out as the parent. [ 3 ] The in loco parentis doctrine is distinct from the doctrine of parens patriae , the psychological parent doctrine, and adoption .
The biological parent is the legal parent whereas the other need to undergo the ordeal of having to prove the existence of a relationship with the mother of the child. [ 17 ] There are also reports that the current debate on same-sex marriage results in the increasing discrimination against lesbian , gay , bisexual , transgender , intersex ...
The Katy Independent School District adopted a policy to notify parents if their child requests to use a different name or pronouns at school, sparking an investigation from the U.S. Department of ...
The second-parent adoption or co-parent adoption is a process by which a partner, who is not biologically related to the child, can adopt their partner's biological or adoptive child without terminating the first legal parent's rights. This process is of interest to many couples, as legal parenthood allows the parent's partner to do things such ...
Minnesota state law explicitly protected children born alive during abortion procedures since at least 1976 when the state legislature adopted Section 145.423. This statute determined that, “A ...
Parenting refers to the intricacies of raising a child and not exclusively for a biological relationship. [1] The most common caretakers in parenting are the biological parents of the child in question. However, a caretaker may be an older sibling, step-parent, grandparent, legal guardian, aunt, uncle, other family members, or a family friend. [2]