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Dryer [1] defined three different types of negative markers in language. Beside negative particles and negative affixes, negative verbs play a role in various languages. The negative verb is used to implement a clausal negation.
Matthew S. Dryer is a professor of linguistics at the State University of New York at Buffalo who has worked in typology, syntax, and language documentation. [1] He is best known for his research on word order correlations, which has been widely cited. [ 2 ]
In some languages, like Welsh, verbs have special inflections to be used in negative clauses. (In some language families, this may lead to reference to a negative mood.) An example is Japanese, which conjugates verbs in the negative after adding the suffix -nai (indicating negation), e.g. taberu ("eat") and tabenai ("do not eat").
In some cases of subject–auxiliary inversion, such as negative inversion, the effect is to put the finite auxiliary verb into second position in the sentence. In these cases, inversion in English results in word order that is like the V2 word order of other Germanic languages (Danish, Dutch, Frisian, Icelandic, German, Norwegian, Swedish ...
A negation is a negative polarity item, ... the restrictor of universal quantifiers, non-affirmative verbs (doubt), adversative predicates (be surprised), ...
In the phenomenon of negative raising, this negation cannot be raised freely with any given predicate. Consider the following example proposed by Paul Crowley, in which the verb "say" attempts to display negative raising: [10] Mary didn't say it would snow; Mary said it would not snow.
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nǐ you 去 qù go 不 bù not 去 ？ qù go 你 去 不 去 ？ nǐ qù bù qù you go not go Are you going? AB-not-AB form Example (4) illustrates the AB-not-AB pattern, where AB is the constituent consisting of the verb rende, 'know', as A, and the complement zhe ge ren, 'this CL man', as B, combining to form the AB constituent rende zhe ge ren 'know this CL man'. This produces rende zhe ...