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Kennedy v. Bremerton School District, 597 U.S. 507 (2022) The firing of a public high school football coach for saying a prayer on the field violated his First Amendment rights. The Court announced that the Lemon test from the landmark case of Lemon v. Kurtzman (1971) had been abandoned by the Court in
The Case of Prohibitions (1607) (Court of Common Pleas) Bushel's Case (1670) (Court of Common Pleas): establishing the principle that a judge cannot coerce a jury to convict. Entick v Carrington [1765] 19 Howell's State Trials 1030: establishing the civil liberties of individuals and limiting the scope of executive power.
Federal common law is a term of United States law used to describe common law that is developed by the federal courts, instead of by the courts of the various states. Ever since Louis Brandeis, writing for the Supreme Court of the United States in Erie Railroad v. Tompkins (1938), overturned Joseph Story's decision in Swift v.
Case law, also used interchangeably with common law, is a law that is based on precedents, that is the judicial decisions from previous cases, rather than law based on constitutions, statutes, or regulations. Case law uses the detailed facts of a legal case that have been resolved by courts or similar tribunals. These past decisions are called ...
Notably, the only federal court that can issue proclamations of federal law that bind state courts is the Supreme Court itself. Decisions of the lower federal courts, whether on issues of federal law or state law (when the question was not certified to a state court), are persuasive but not binding authority in the states in which those federal ...
Judge Amy Coney Barrett, President Donald Trump’s nominee for the Supreme Court, has written roughly 100 opinions in more than three years on the 7th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals. Her opinions ...
Hughes Court (February 24, 1930 – June 30, 1941) Stone Court (July 3, 1941 – April 22, 1946) Vinson Court (June 24, 1946 – September 8, 1953) Warren Court (October 5, 1953 – June 23, 1969) Burger Court (June 23, 1969 – September 26, 1986) Rehnquist Court (September 26, 1986 – September 3, 2005) Roberts Court (September 29, 2005 ...
Early federal and state civil procedure in the United States was rather ad hoc and was based on traditional common law procedure but with much local variety. There were varying rules that governed different types of civil cases such as "actions" at law or "suits" in equity or in admiralty; these differences grew from the history of "law" and "equity" as separate court systems in English law.