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  2. Polarized light microscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polarized_light_microscopy

    Polarizing microscope operating principle Depiction of internal organs of a midge larva via birefringence and polarized light microscopy. Polarized light microscopy can mean any of a number of optical microscopy techniques involving polarized light. Simple techniques include illumination of the sample with polarized light.

  3. Polycarbonate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polycarbonate

    Polycarbonate is commonly used in eye protection, as well as in other projectile-resistant viewing and lighting applications that would normally indicate the use of glass, but require much higher impact-resistance. Polycarbonate lenses also protect the eye from UV light.

  4. Foldscope - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foldscope

    A foldscope Assembling a Foldscope [1]. A Foldscope is an optical microscope that can be assembled from simple components, including a sheet of paper and a lens.It was created by Manu Prakash and designed to cost less than one USD to build.

  5. Bright-field microscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bright-field_microscopy

    The light path begins at the illuminator or the light source on the base of the microscope. Often a halogen lamp is used. The light travels through the objective lens into the ocular lens, through which the image is viewed. Bright-field microscopy may use critical or Köhler illumination to illuminate the sample. [16]

  6. Operating microscope - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_microscope

    An operating microscope or surgical microscope is an optical microscope specifically designed to be used in a surgical setting, typically to perform microsurgery. [1] Design features of an operating microscope are: magnification typically in the range from 4x-40x, components that are easy to sterilize or disinfect in order to ensure cross ...

  7. Phase-contrast imaging - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase-contrast_imaging

    The interpretation of these images is not a straightforward task. Computer simulations are used to determine what sort of contrast different structures may produce in a phase-contrast image. These commonly use the multislice method of Cowley and Moodie, [22] and include the phase changes due to the lens aberrations. [23]

  8. Birefringence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birefringence

    Polarizers are routinely used to detect stress, either applied or frozen-in, in plastics such as polystyrene and polycarbonate. Cotton fiber is birefringent because of high levels of cellulosic material in the fibre's secondary cell wall which is directionally aligned with the cotton fibers.

  9. Scanning SQUID microscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scanning_SQUID_microscopy

    Tsuei et al. used a scanning SQUID microscope to measure the local magnetic field at each of the devices in the figure, and observed a field in ring A approximately equal in magnitude Φ 0 /2A, where A was the area of the ring. The device observed zero field at B, C, and D.