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Simple liver cysts are seen most commonly in women and kids. [2] In terms of pathophysiology, they are formed in response to developmental events and in response to trauma and inflammation. [2] In addition, liver cysts can be seen with polycystic kidney disease and echinococcosis infection (hydatid disease). [2] [12] Pseudotumors:
Ascites (/ ə ˈ s aɪ t i z /; [5] Greek: ἀσκός, romanized: askos, meaning "bag" or "sac" [6]) is the abnormal build-up of fluid in the abdomen. [1] Technically, it is more than 25 ml of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, although volumes greater than one liter may occur. [4]
Liver cirrhosis makes it hard for blood to flow in the portal venous system. [39] This resistance creates a backup of blood and increases pressure. [39] This results in portal hypertension. Effects of portal hypertension include: Ascites is a build-up of fluid in the peritoneal cavity in the abdomen [40] An enlarged spleen in 35–50% of cases [6]
Diagnosis is most frequent among those 55 to 65 years old. [2] The leading cause of liver cancer is cirrhosis due to hepatitis B, hepatitis C, or alcohol. [4] Other causes include aflatoxin, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and liver flukes. [3] The most common types are HCC, which makes up 80% of cases and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. [3]
Over time, this can lead to liver inflammation, scarring, and even more severe liver damage.” NAFLD is often diagnosed through medical history, blood tests, physical exams and imaging tests ...
Hepatomegaly is enlargement of the liver. [4] It is a non-specific medical sign, having many causes, which can broadly be broken down into infection, hepatic tumours, and metabolic disorder. Often, hepatomegaly presents as an abdominal mass. Depending on the cause, it may sometimes present along with jaundice. [1]
Budd–Chiari syndrome is a condition when an occlusion or obstruction in the hepatic veins prevent normal outflow of blood from the liver. The symptoms are non-specific and vary widely, but it may present with the classical triad of abdominal pain, ascites, and liver enlargement. Untreated Budd-Chiari syndrome can result in liver failure. [1]
They have a direct toxic effect on the liver; cause inflammation of liver caused by and thereby impact lipid metabolism and fatty liver disease; and can translocate from the lungs to the liver. [46] Because particulate matter and carbon black are very diverse and each has different toxicodynamics, detailed mechanisms of translocation are not clear.