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  2. Biogeochemical cycle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biogeochemical_cycle

    A biogeochemical cycle, or more generally a cycle of matter, [1] is the movement and transformation of chemical elements and compounds between living organisms, the atmosphere, and the Earth's crust. Major biogeochemical cycles include the carbon cycle , the nitrogen cycle and the water cycle .

  3. Water retention curve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_retention_curve

    Due to the hysteretic effect of water filling and draining the pores, different wetting and drying curves may be distinguished. The general features of a water retention curve can be seen in the figure, in which the volume water content, θ, is plotted against the matric potential, . At potentials close to zero, a soil is close to saturation ...

  4. Rock cycle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_cycle

    This diamond is a mineral from within an igneous or metamorphic rock that formed at high temperature and pressure. The rock cycle is a basic concept in geology that describes transitions through geologic time among the three main rock types: sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous.

  5. Weathering - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weathering

    The materials left after the rock breaks down combine with organic material to create soil. Many of Earth's landforms and landscapes are the result of weathering, erosion and redeposition. Weathering is a crucial part of the rock cycle; sedimentary rock, the product of weathered rock, covers 66% of the Earth's continents and much of the ocean ...

  6. Carbonate–silicate cycle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonate–silicate_cycle

    This figure describes the geological aspects and processes of the carbonate silicate cycle, within the long-term carbon cycle. The carbonate–silicate geochemical cycle, also known as the inorganic carbon cycle, describes the long-term transformation of silicate rocks to carbonate rocks by weathering and sedimentation, and the transformation of carbonate rocks back into silicate rocks by ...

  7. Sedimentary structures - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentary_structures

    These sedimentary structures are remnants of burrows and tunnels excavated by marine organisms that live on the ocean floor. [1] These organisms churn and burrow through mud and sand a process called bioturbation. [1] They ingest the sediment, digest the organic matter, and leave behind the remnants which fills the burrow. [1] Tidal bundle

  8. Cyclic sediments - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclic_sediments

    Cyclic sediments (also called rhythmic sediments [1]) are sequences of sedimentary rocks that are characterised by repetitive patterns of different rock types or facies within the sequence. Processes that generate sedimentary cyclicity can be either autocyclic or allocyclic, and can result in piles of sedimentary cycles hundreds or even ...

  9. Geochemical cycle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geochemical_cycle

    Some [who?] may use the terms biogeochemical cycle and geochemical cycle interchangeably because both cycles deal with Earth's reservoirs.However, a biogeochemical cycle refers to the chemical interactions in surface reservoirs such as the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere [citation needed] whereas a geochemical cycle refers to the chemical interactions that exist in crustal ...