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The fasces typically appeared in a context reminiscent of the Roman Republic and of the Roman Empire. The French Revolution used many references to the ancient Roman Republic in its imagery. During the First Republic , topped by the Phrygian cap , the fasces is a tribute to the Roman Republic and means that power belongs to the people.
Bronze statuette of a Roman lictor carrying a fasces, 20 BC to 20 AD. A lictor (possibly from Latin ligare, meaning 'to bind' [1]) was a Roman civil servant who was an attendant and bodyguard to a magistrate who held imperium. Roman records describe lictors as having existed since the Roman Kingdom, and may have originated with the Etruscans. [2]
The Diocese of Phát Diệm (Latin: Dioecesis de Phat Diem) is a Roman Catholic diocese of Vietnam. The creation of the diocese in present form was declared November 24, 1960. The diocese covers an area of 1,787 km², and is a suffragan diocese of the Archdiocese of Hanoi.
The Phát Diệm Cathedral (Vietnamese: Nhà thờ chính tòa Phát Diệm) is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Phát Diệm, located in Kim Sơn District of Ninh Bình Province in Vietnam. The architecture of the church – built in stone and wood in 1891 – is an eclectic blend of Vietnamese and European architectural styles.
The Catholic Church in Vietnam is part of the worldwide Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership of bishops in Vietnam who are in communion with the Pope in Rome. Vietnam has the fifth largest Catholic population in Asia, after the Philippines , India , China and Indonesia .
Notre Dame Cathedral in Ho Chi Minh City is considered to be one of the main city attractions and one of the most beautiful buildings in all Vietnam. It was built from 1877 to 1880 by the French architect J. Bourad, has a Neo-Romanesque façade with twin towers and a statue of the Virgin Mary in the center front.
Thomas Du Viet Dinh, Vietnamese priest; Thomas Thien Van Tran, seminarian; Thomas Toan Dinh Dao, catechist; Thomas Khuong Tuc Ngo, Vietnamese priest; Valentine Berriochoa, OP, Spanish bishop; Vincent Phạm Hiếu Liêm (Vicente Liêm de la Paz), OP, Vietnamese priest; Vincent Duong Van Pham, layman; Vincent Diem The Nguyen, Vietnamese priest
Cold War Mandarin: Ngo Dinh Diem and the Origins of America's War in Vietnam, 1950–1963. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 0-7425-4447-8. Jones, Howard (2003). Death of a Generation: how the assassinations of Diem and JFK prolonged the Vietnam War. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-505286-2. Karnow, Stanley (1997).