Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Cyanide is unstable in water, but the reaction is slow until about 170 °C. It undergoes hydrolysis to give ammonia and formate, which are far less toxic than cyanide: [14] CN − + 2 H 2 O → HCO − 2 + NH 3. Cyanide hydrolase is an enzyme that catalyzes this reaction.
It contains two cyanide groups bound to a central nitrogen anion. The chemical is formed by decomposition of 2-cyanoguanidine . It is used extensively as a counterion of organic and inorganic salts , and also as a reactant for the synthesis of various covalent organic structures.
A cyanide ion then attacks the iminium carbon yielding an aminonitrile. Mechanism of the Strecker-Synthesis, part 1. In the second part of the reaction process, the nitrile is hydrolzed. First, the nitrile nitrogen of the aminonitrile is protonated, and the nitrile carbon is attacked by a water molecule.
Cyanogen is typically generated from cyanide compounds. One laboratory method entails thermal decomposition of mercuric cyanide: . 2 Hg(CN) 2 → (CN) 2 + Hg 2 (CN) 2 Or, one can combine solutions of copper(II) salts (such as copper(II) sulfate) with cyanides; an unstable copper(II) cyanide is formed which rapidly decomposes into copper(I) cyanide and cyanogen.
Lithium cyanide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula LiCN. It is a toxic, white coloured, hygroscopic , water-soluble salt that finds only niche uses. Preparation
The cyanide source can be potassium cyanide (KCN), sodium cyanide (NaCN) or trimethylsilyl cyanide ((CH 3) 3 SiCN). With aromatic aldehydes such as benzaldehyde, the benzoin condensation is a competing reaction. The reaction is used in carbohydrate chemistry as a chain extension method for example that of D-xylose.
The standard Gibbs free energy of formation (G f °) of a compound is the change of Gibbs free energy that accompanies the formation of 1 mole of a substance in its standard state from its constituent elements in their standard states (the most stable form of the element at 1 bar of pressure and the specified temperature, usually 298.15 K or 25 °C).
The cyanate ion can bridge between two metal atoms by using both its donor atoms. For example, this structure is found in the compound [Ni 2 (NCO) 2 2](BPh 4) 2. In this compound both the Ni−N−C unit and Ni−O−C unit are bent, even though in the first case donation is through the nitrogen atom. [16]