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The IPCC AR5 concludes that tropospheric water vapor has increased by 3.5% over the last 40 years, which is consistent with the observed temperature increase of 0.5 °C. [12] The human influence on the water cycle can be observed by analyzing the ocean's surface salinity and the "precipitation minus evaporation (P–E)" patterns over the ocean.
Sea-level rise is projected to rise between 0.13 and 0.56 m by 2090. [34] The US Climate Change Science program estimates that with each 1 °C increase in temperature, hurricane rainfall will increase by 6–17% and hurricane wind speeds will increase by 1–8%. [34]
Fisheries are affected by climate change in many ways: marine aquatic ecosystems are being affected by rising ocean temperatures, [100] ocean acidification [101] and ocean deoxygenation, while freshwater ecosystems are being impacted by changes in water temperature, water flow, and fish habitat loss. [102]
To assess changes in Earth's past climate scientists have studied tree rings, ice cores, corals, and ocean and lake sediments. [26] These show that recent temperatures have surpassed anything in the last 2,000 years. [27] By the end of the 21st century, temperatures may increase to a level last seen in the mid-Pliocene. This was around 3 ...
A 2024 study, which checked the data from the last 120 years, found that climate change has already reduced welfare by 29% and further temperature rise will rise the number to 47%. The temperature rise during the years 1960-2019 alone has cut current GDP per capita by 18%. A 1 degree warming reduces global GDP by 12%.
In the IPCC’s 2021 report, scientists estimated that sea level will rise about 0.9 to 3.3 feet (0.28 to 1.01 meters) by 2100, but also said those numbers didn’t factor in uncertainties around ...
World leaders are meeting in Paris this month in what amounts to a last-ditch effort to avert the worst ravages of climate change. Climatologists now say that the best case scenario — assuming immediate and dramatic emissions curbs — is that planetary surface temperatures will increase by at least 2 degrees Celsius in the coming decades.
Sea level rise lags behind changes in the Earth's temperature by many decades, and sea level rise will therefore continue to accelerate between now and 2050 in response to warming that has already happened. [7] What happens after that depends on human greenhouse gas emissions. If there are very deep cuts in emissions, sea level rise would slow ...