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  2. Euler diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euler_diagram

    Given the Venn's assignments, then, the unshaded areas inside the circles can be summed to yield the following equation for Venn's example: " NO y is z and ALL x is y: therefore NO x is z" has the equation x ' y z ' + x y z ' + x ' y ' z for the unshaded area inside the circles (but this is not entirely correct; see the next paragraph).

  3. Eulerian path - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eulerian_path

    In an infinite graph, the corresponding concept to an Eulerian trail or Eulerian cycle is an Eulerian line, a doubly-infinite trail that covers all of the edges of the graph. It is not sufficient for the existence of such a trail that the graph be connected and that all vertex degrees be even; for instance, the infinite Cayley graph shown, with ...

  4. Lagrangian and Eulerian specification of the flow field

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagrangian_and_Eulerian...

    The Lagrangian and Eulerian specifications of the flow field are sometimes loosely denoted as the Lagrangian and Eulerian frame of reference. However, in general both the Lagrangian and Eulerian specification of the flow field can be applied in any observer's frame of reference, and in any coordinate system used within the chosen frame of ...

  5. BEST theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BEST_theorem

    In 1736, Euler showed that G has an Eulerian circuit if and only if G is connected and the indegree is equal to outdegree at every vertex. In this case G is called Eulerian. We denote the indegree of a vertex v by deg(v). The BEST theorem states that the number ec(G) of Eulerian circuits in a connected Eulerian graph G is given by the formula

  6. Travelling salesman problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Travelling_salesman_problem

    To improve the lower bound, a better way of creating an Eulerian graph is needed. By the triangle inequality, the best Eulerian graph must have the same cost as the best travelling salesman tour; hence, finding optimal Eulerian graphs is at least as hard as TSP. One way of doing this is by minimum weight matching using algorithms with a ...

  7. Euler equations (fluid dynamics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euler_equations_(fluid...

    The second equation is the incompressible constraint, stating the flow velocity is a solenoidal field (the order of the equations is not causal, but underlines the fact that the incompressible constraint is not a degenerate form of the continuity equation, but rather of the energy equation, as it will become clear in the following).

  8. Euler method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euler_method

    The next step is to multiply the above value by the step size , which we take equal to one here: h ⋅ f ( y 0 ) = 1 ⋅ 1 = 1. {\displaystyle h\cdot f(y_{0})=1\cdot 1=1.} Since the step size is the change in t {\displaystyle t} , when we multiply the step size and the slope of the tangent, we get a change in y {\displaystyle y} value.

  9. Conservation form - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservation_form

    Conservation form or Eulerian form refers to an arrangement of an equation or system of equations, usually representing a hyperbolic system, that emphasizes that a property represented is conserved, i.e. a type of continuity equation. The term is usually used in the context of continuum mechanics.