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The survey pictures taken while drilling are typically confirmed by a later survey in full of the borehole, typically using a "multi-shot camera" device. The multi-shot camera advances the film at time intervals so that by dropping the camera instrument in a sealed tubular housing inside the drilling string (down to just above the drilling bit ...
However, due to the cost of MWD systems, they are not generally used on wells intended to be vertical. Instead, the wells are surveyed after drilling through the use of multi-shot surveying tools lowered into the drillstring on slickline or wireline. [citation needed] The primary use of real-time surveys is in directional drilling.
They are generally programmed by the measurement while drilling (MWD) engineer or directional driller who transmits commands using surface equipment (typically using either pressure fluctuations in the mud column or variations in the drill string rotation) which the tool responds to, and gradually steers into the desired direction.
US Patent 5231899 for a drilling rig breakout wrench system on August 3, 1993. [2] US Patent 5253721 for a directional boring head on October 19, 1993. [3] US Patent 5709276 for a multi-position directional drill on January 20, 1998. [4] US Patent 5921331 for a backreamer on July 13, 1999. [5]
MODU – mobile offshore drilling unit (either of jack-up drill rig or semi-submersible rig or drill ship) MOF – marine offloading facility; MOPO – matrix of permitted operations; MOPU – mobile offshore production unit (to describe jack-up production rig, or semi-submersible production rig, or floating production, or storage ship)
Directional boring machine. Directional boring, also referred to as horizontal directional drilling (HDD), is a minimal impact trenchless method of installing underground utilities such as pipe, conduit, or cables in a relatively shallow arc or radius along a prescribed underground path using a surface-launched drilling rig.
Rotary assemblies [2] are commonly used where formations are predictable and the rig economics are an issue. In such an assembly the weight of the drill collars gives the BHA the tendency to sag or flex to the low side of the hole, collar stiffness length and stabiliser diameter and placement are engineered as a means of controlling the flex of the BHA.
Extended Reach Drilling (ERD) is directional drilling of very long non-vertical wells. The aims of ERD are: a) to reach a larger area from one surface drilling location, and b) to keep a well in a reservoir for a longer distance in order to maximize its productivity and drainage capability.
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