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2. Disk (mathematics) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disk_(mathematics)

   In geometry, a disk (also spelled disc) [1] is the region in a plane bounded by a circle. A disk is said to be closed if it contains the circle that constitutes its boundary, and open if it does not. [2] For a radius, , an open disk is usually denoted as and a closed disk is ¯.

3. Complex plane - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex_plane

   Argand diagram refers to a geometric plot of complex numbers as points z = x + iy using the horizontal x-axis as the real axis and the vertical y-axis as the imaginary axis. [3] Such plots are named after Jean-Robert Argand (1768–1822), although they were first described by Norwegian–Danish land surveyor and mathematician Caspar Wessel ...

4. Plane (mathematics) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plane_(mathematics)

   In mathematics, a plane is a two-dimensional space or flat surface that extends indefinitely. A plane is the two-dimensional analogue of a point (zero dimensions), a line (one dimension) and three-dimensional space. When working exclusively in two-dimensional Euclidean space, the definite article is used, so the Euclidean plane refers to the ...

5. Annulus (mathematics) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annulus_(mathematics)

   In complex analysis an annulus ann(a; r, R) in the complex plane is an open region defined as < | | <. If =, the region is known as the punctured disk (a disk with a point hole in the center) of radius R around the point a. As a subset of the complex plane, an annulus can be considered as a Riemann surface.

6. Two-dimensional space - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-dimensional_space

   The complex plane is two-dimensional when considered to be formed from real-number coordinates, but one-dimensional in terms of complex-number coordinates. A two-dimensional complex space – such as the two-dimensional complex coordinate space , the complex projective plane , or a complex surface – has two complex dimensions, which can ...

7. Euclidean plane - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euclidean_plane

   A plane graph can be defined as a planar graph with a mapping from every node to a point on a plane, and from every edge to a plane curve on that plane, such that the extreme points of each curve are the points mapped from its end nodes, and all curves are disjoint except on their extreme points.